Present understanding of MHD and heat transfer phenomena for liquid metal blankets

Ceramic breeder materials

Liquid metal breeders such as Lithium or the eutectic Lead-Lithium alloy PbLi have the potential for attractive breeding blankets, especially if the liquid metal serves as breeder and coolant. However, cooling of first wall and blanket structure is a challenging task because the magnetic field degrades the heat transfer and can cause a really high pressure drop. To overcome these problems, dual coolant blankets with helium cooled FW/blanket structure and a self-cooled breeding zone had been proposed, with electrical insulation by ceramic-coatings or sandwich flow channel inserts. Such concepts are in principle simpler than helium cooled blankets, but the thermal efficiency is limited to ˜35 % as in any helium cooled blankets with steel structure. A much higher efficiency up to about 45 % became feasible when the sandwich insulator was replaced by flow channel inserts (FCI) made of a SiC composite. This FCI serves as thermal insulator too, allowing an exit temperature of ˜700° C, suitable for a BRA...

Development of the lead lithium (dcll) blanket concept

Long-term radioactivity in fusion reactors

Tritium recovery from liquid metals

Blanket Comparison and Selection Study

Radioactivity in fusion reactors can be effectively controlled by materials selection. The detailed relationship between the use of a material for construction of a magnetic fusion reactor and the material's characteristics important to waste disposal, safety, and system maintainability has been studied. The quantitative levels of radioactivation are presented for many materials and alloys, including the role of impurities, and for various design alternatives. A major outcome has been the development of quantitative definitions to characterize materials based on their radioactivation properties. Another key result is a four-level classification scheme to categorize fusion reactors based on quantitative criteria for waste management, system maintenance, and safety. A recommended minimum goal for fusion reactor development is a reference reactor that (a) meets the requirements for Class C shallow land burial of waste materials, (b) permits limited hands-on maintenance outside the magnet's shield within 2 days of a shutdown, and (c) meets all requirements for engineered safety. The achievement of a fusion reactor with at least the characteristics of the reference reactor is a realistic goal. Therefore, in making design choices or in developing particular materials or alloys for fusion reactor applications, consideration must be given to both the activation characteristics of amore » material and its engineering practicality for a given application.« less

Lower Activation Materials and Magnetic Fusion Reactors

Purpose:The development of objective biomarkers for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in the chronic period is an important clinical and research goal. Head trauma is known to affect the mechanisms that support the electrophysiological processing of information within and between brain regions, so

Quantitative EEG Biomarkers for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

The Blanket Comparison and Selection Study (BCSS) had as its primary goal the selection of a limited number of blanket concepts for fusion power reactors, to serve as the focus for the U.S. Departm...

John W. Davis

Papers

Blanket Comparison and Selection Study

Lower Activation Materials and Magnetic Fusion Reactors

Quantitative EEG Biomarkers for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Structural Materials Data Base Assessment for the Blanket Comparison and Selection Study