Showing papers by "John W. Erdman published in 1994"

Intake of 25 g of Soybean Protein with or without Soybean Fiber Alters Plasma Lipids in Men with Elevated Cholesterol Concentrations

Abstract: Twenty-one mildly hypercholesterolemic men consumed a diet that was low in fat (<30% of energy) and cholesterol (300 mg/d) and were given muffins containing 25 g protein+20 g dietary fiber daily from either isolated soybean protein+soybean cotyledon fiber, isolated soybean protein+cellulose, casein +soybean cotyledon fiber or casein+cellulose. All subjects progressed through the low fat, low cholesterol baseline period, lasting 2 wk, and then through all four dietary treatments, lasting 4 wk each, according to a Latin square design. Plasma concentrations of total, LDL, HDL and VLDL cholesterol, total and VLDL triacylglycerols, and apolipoprotein A-I and B were measured at the end of each period

Pharmacokinetics of beta-carotene and canthaxanthin after ingestion of individual and combined doses by human subjects.

Abstract: This study investigated effects of ingestion of a combined dose of beta-carotene and canthaxanthin on their individual pharmacokinetics in serum.During three 5-day study periods, two subjects ingested either a 25 mg dose of beta-carotene, a 25 mg dose of canthaxanthin, or a combined dose of 25 mg each of beta-carotene and canthaxanthin. Pharmacokinetics of the individual and combined doses were compared within subjects.Ingestion of a concurrent beta-carotene dose reduced the peak serum canthaxanthin concentration by 38.8 +/− 6.5%, and the 24- and 72-hour areas under the serum canthaxanthin concentration-time curves by 38.1 +/− 6.4 and 34.4 +/− 7.4%, respectively. The suggested antagonism between beta-carotene and canthaxanthin was not reciprocal; beta-carotene inhibited the appearance of canthaxanthin in serum but canthaxanthin did not inhibit the appearance of beta-carotene.Our data suggest that ingestion of a combined pharmacologic dose of beta-carotene and canthaxanthin reduces the bioavailability of t...

Mongolian Gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) Absorb β-Carotene Intact from a Test Meal

Abstract: Because a yellow color has been observed in the fat pads of Mongolian gerbils fed a nonpurified diet, we designed the current study to determine whether adult male gerbils would absorb beta-carotene intact from a test meal. Thirty-five gerbils (80-90 g) were adapted to the laboratory and fed a standard purified diet free of beta-carotene for 16-19 d. Gerbils were then fed a test meal consisting of 279 nmol of beta-carotene as 10% water-soluble beadlets suspended in 0.5 mL of Ensure. Gerbils (n = 5) were killed at 0, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 or 72 h after the test meal, blood was obtained by cardiac puncture, and tissues were taken for beta-carotene analysis. No beta-carotene was detected in serum at 0 or 72 h, whereas beta-carotene was present at all other sampling times. Serum beta-carotene peaked at 4 h, at a level of 88 nmol/L. beta-Carotene was detected in the liver of all groups; however, the concentration increased from -34 pmol/g to a maximum concentration of 926 pmol/g at 24 h after the test meal. Other tissues also contained beta-carotene. The results demonstrate that Mongolian gerbils, like ferrets and preruminant calves, absorb beta-carotene intact when beta-carotene is provided at a physiological level in a test meal. This species may be particularly useful for evaluation of the role of antioxidants, such as beta-carotene, in LDL oxidation.

Isolation and partial characterization of an 18 kDa carotenoid-protein complex from carrot roots

Abstract: A carotenoid-protein complex was isolated, purified, and partially characterized from carrot juice by detergent treatment followed by ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration, and ion exchange chromatography. Results from SDS-urea-PAGE analysis indicated that the complex contained a major protein subunit with a molecular mass of 18 kDa. HPLC analysis of the pigments associated with this complex indicated that β-carotene, α-carotene, and lutein were the major carotenoids present along with small amounts of phytoene and ζ-carotene. Carrot chromoplast subfractionation and sucrose density centrifugation also resulted in a major carrot pigment fraction which was enriched in the 18 kDa protein