Climate change 2014 - Synthesis Report

Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation

It made it possible to improve people's lives. Now it prevents all forms of discrimination in the world. It helps to improve our world.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

guidance\" (p. xii). They have to some extent succeeded in their objectives. Certainly the compilation of references related to aesthetics and visual resources is a valuable contribution in itsell As is evident from this reader’s perspective, however, the poor organization and execution of the book unhappily detract from its effectiveness. Nora Laughlin is the Forest Landscape Architect and Assistant Recreation Staff on the Six Rivers National Forest, Eureka, California 95501.

Tourism: a community approach

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to undertake a “real-time” assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the right to participate in hospitality and tourism and to illustrate where such rights are under threat. Design/methodology/approach: This discussion is based on a review of current events, assessed through interpretation of a human rights lens. Findings: Rights to participate in hospitality and tourism, particularly in parts of Asia, Europe and North America, were affected on a scale unprecedented in peacetime. Research limitations/implications: The rights to participate in hospitality and tourism have been challenged as never before. The big questions that will need to be answered going forward are the extent to which such rights will be restored, post-COVID-19. Originality/value: This is a “real-time” assessment and will require re-visiting as events unfold over the coming months and years.

/pdf/hospitality-tourism-human-rights-and-the-impact-of-covid-19-4lioulako8.pdf

Hospitality, tourism, human rights and the impact of COVID-19

Development of a highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for atrazine Performance evaluation by flow injection immunoassay

This paper contributes to the debate over the validity of community-based tourism (CBT) as a development and poverty-reduction strategy in the rural-peasant world. In this debate, researchers tend to compare and contrast specific experiences on which they have conducted field work. This implies limitations in the analysis: conclusions may be biased, leading to circular unresolved discussions. This paper introduces a structural analysis, to discover whether CBT has intrinsic characteristics which mean that as an instrument of development cooperation it increases the risks typically involved in social intervention. It applies the concept of the Social Vocation of the Territory (SVT), adapted from Land Suitability concepts used in geography and environmental studies. SVT is a historical process in which land and local society adapt over time to reach equilibrium in specific uses of natural and social resources. Employing this concept on South American case studies, this paper concludes that CBT can have limi...

The limitations of community-based tourism as an instrument of development cooperation: the value of the Social Vocation of the Territory concept.

The effect of exposure of bacterial suspensions to UV radiation by means of the dose-response curves was assessed. The D37 and D10 values were used for subsequent statistical analysis of the results. The aim of this article is to evaluate the sensitivity to UV radiation of several microorganisms of different habitats (Rhizobium meliloti, Rhodobacter sphaeroides, Escherichia coli, and Deinococcus radiodurans), two mutants with nonfunctional SOS DNA repair system (R. meliloti recA- and E. coli recA-), and a mutant in the synthesis of carotenoids (R. sphaeroides crtD). The results reveal that D. radiodurans was an extremely resistant bacterium, R. meliloti was more resistant than R. sphaeroides, and E. coli was the most sensitive bacterium tested. The high sensitivity of recA- mutants was also verify. Moreover, it seems that the possession of pigments had no important effect in the sensitivity of R. sphaeroides to UV radiation.

Sensitivity of selected bacterial species to UV radiation

Pro-poor tourism (PPT) is a development methodology that aims to use tourism as a tool for poverty reduction. PPT has been adopted by multilateral institutions, official development agencies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). PPT assumes an absolute definition of poverty that is based on net income. This definition allows the consideration of a tourism initiative as ‘pro-poor’ even though the income earned by the poor population may be marginal. This paper analyses whether PPT's concept of poverty adequately addresses the issues in rural poverty. We analyse one case of unequal distribution of income generated from tourism in the 1990s (Amantani Island, Peru). The paper concludes that PPT's concept of poverty circumvents the fact that an unequal distribution of income could imply a loss in the quality of life for the majority of a rural population: the high-income social sector tends to increase its economic and political power to the detriment of other social sectors.

Pro‐Poor Tourism as a Strategy to Fight Rural Poverty: A Critique

International residential tourism is a recent phenomenon in the Andean area. However, in places where it has been established, rapid changes in social and economic structures have occurred. The Municipality of Cotacachi (Northern Ecuador) is paradigmatic. Having become a destination for American retirees, residential tourism has generated a sharp increase in the price of rural land and has decelerated a land market that once allowed young farmers to continue agricultural activities. Residential tourism has promoted land exchange value while sacrificing use value, threatening peasant reproduction mechanisms.

Jordi Gascón

Papers

Development of a highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for atrazine Performance evaluation by flow injection immunoassay

The limitations of community-based tourism as an instrument of development cooperation: the value of the Social Vocation of the Territory concept.

Sensitivity of selected bacterial species to UV radiation

Pro‐Poor Tourism as a Strategy to Fight Rural Poverty: A Critique

Residential tourism and depeasantisation in the Ecuadorian Andes