자연주의적 탐구조사(Naturalistic Inquiry)

Osteoblast adhesion on biomaterials.

The present report is submitted in response to General Assembly resolution 61/106, by which the Assembly adopted the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Optional Protocol thereto. As requested by the Assembly, a brief overview of the status of the Convention as at 3 August 2007 is presented. The report also contains a brief description of technical arrangements on staff and facilities made necessary for the effective performance of the functions of the Conference of States Parties and the Committee under the Convention and the Optional Protocol, and a description on the progressive implementation of standards and guidelines for the accessibility of facilities and services of the United Nations system. Recent efforts of the United Nations and agencies to disseminate information on the Convention and the Optional Protocol are also described.

わかりやすい障害者の権利条約 : 知的障害のある人の権利のために = Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities

Abbreviated Contents Figures and Tables Preface Introduction and Examples Concepts Relevant to Information Behavior Models, Paradigms, and Theories in the Study of Information Behavior Methods for Studying Information Behavior Research Results and Reflections Appendix: Glossary Appendix: Questions for Discussion and Application References Index

Looking for Information: A Survey of Research on Information Seeking, Needs and Behavior

Understanding and controlling the bone-implant interface

https://www.ipd.gu.se/digitalAssets/1252/1252566_Artikel_sept_Aina_Lancet_2_.pdf

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Ponseti method in reducing extensive corrective surgery rates for congenital idiopathic clubfoot. Methods. Consecutive case series were conducted from January 1991 through December 2001. A total of 157 patients (256 clubfeet) were evaluated. All patients were treated by serial manipulation and casting as described by Ponseti. Main outcome measures included initial correction of the deformity, extensive corrective surgery rate, and relapses. Results. Clubfoot correction was obtained in all but 3 patients (98%). Ninety percent of patients required ≤5 casts for correction. Average time for full correction of the deformity was 20 days (range: 14–24 days). Only 4 (2.5%) patients required extensive corrective surgery. There were 17 (11%) relapses. Relapses were unrelated to age at presentation, previous unsuccessful treatment, or severity of the deformity (as measured by the number of Ponseti casts needed for correction). Relapses were related to noncompliance with the foot-abduction brace. Four patients (2.5%) underwent an anterior tibial tendon transfer to prevent further relapses. Conclusions. The Ponseti method is a safe and effective treatment for congenital idiopathic clubfoot and radically decreases the need for extensive corrective surgery. This technique can be used in children up to 2 years of age even after previous unsuccessful nonsurgical treatment.

Radical reduction in the rate of extensive corrective surgery for clubfoot using the Ponseti method.

Treatment with the Ponseti method corrects congenital idiopathic clubfeet in the majority of patients. However, some feet do not respond to the standard treatment protocol. We describe the characteristics and treatment results of these complex idiopathic clubfeet. We identified 50 patients (75 clubfeet) from 762 consecutive patients treated at five institutions. Clinically, complex clubfeet were defined as having rigid equinus, severe plantar flexion of all metatarsals, a deep crease above the heel, a transverse crease in the sole of the foot, and a short and hyperextended first toe. The Achilles' tendon was exceptionally tight and fibrotic up to the middle of the calf. Correction was achieved in all patients by modifying the Ponseti manipulation and casting technique. Correction required an average of five casts (range, 1-10 casts). Two patients (4%) not initially recognized as having complex clubfeet had a posterior release with tendo Achillis lengthening. There were seven relapses that responded to casting. Three patients had a second tenotomy. Modifying the treatment protocol for complex clubfeet successfully corrected the deformity without the need for extensive corrective surgery.

http://www.ormedes.com/2/media/complexclubfoot.pdf

Treatment of the complex idiopathic clubfoot.

Untreated acetabular dysplasia following treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) leads to early degenerative joint disease. Clinicians must accurately and reliably recognise dysplasia in order to intervene appropriately with secondary acetabular or femoral procedures. This study sought early predictors of residual dysplasia in order to establish empirically-based indications for treatment. DDH treated by closed or open reduction alone was reviewed. Residual hip dysplasia was defined according to the Severin classification at skeletal maturity. Future hip replacement in a subset of these patients was compared with the Severin classification. Serial measurements of acetabular development and subluxation of the femoral head were collected, as were the age at reduction, type of reduction, and Tonnis grade prior to reduction. These variables were used to predict the Severin classification. The mean age at reduction in 72 hips was 16 months (1 to 46). On the final radiograph, 47 hips (65%) were classified as Severin I/II, and 25 as Severin III/IV (35%). At 40 years after reduction, five of 43 hips (21%) had had a total hip replacement (THR). The Severin grade was predictive for THR. Early measurements of the acetabular index (AI) were predictive for Severin grade. For example, an AI of 35 degrees or more at two years after reduction was associated with an 80% probability of becoming a Severin grade III/IV hip. This study links early acetabular remodelling, residual dysplasia at skeletal maturity and the long-term risk of THR. It presents evidence describing the diagnostic value of early predictors of residual dysplasia, and therefore, of the long-term risk of degenerative change.

Acetabular dysplasia after treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip: IMPLICATIONS FOR SECONDARY PROCEDURES

https://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jor.20943

Jose A. Morcuende

Papers

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Radical reduction in the rate of extensive corrective surgery for clubfoot using the Ponseti method.

Treatment of the complex idiopathic clubfoot.

Acetabular dysplasia after treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip: IMPLICATIONS FOR SECONDARY PROCEDURES

Biofilm dispersal of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on orthopedic implant material.