Showing papers by "José Jaime Castaño Castrillón published in 2011"

prEvalEncia y factorES pSicoSocialES aSociadoS al SíndromE dE Burnout En médicoS quE laBoran En inStitucionES dE laS ciudadES dE manizalES y la virginia (colomBia) 2011

Abstract: Background: The burnout syndrome is defined as an inadequate response to chronic job stressors. In the last years the burnout syndrome has acquired importance. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the prevalence and psychosocial factors associated with the burnout syndrome in family doctors and specialists which work in several institutions in Manizales, Caldas, and Virginia, Risaralda. The questionnaire evaluated demographic factors, prevalence of burnout syndrome, family functioning and personal relationships. Results: 227 physicians were evaluated, (132 family and 95 specialists). A burnout frequency was found of 17.6%, 26.4% with high exhaustion, 26.1% presented depersonalization and 7.2% of low personal fulfillment. A significant relationship between burnout and extra work activity was found (p= 0.039), observing that the burnout syndrome occurs in 25.8% of physicians who do not perform any activity outside work during the week and in 14.3% of the physicians who engaged activities outside work. A significant relation (p = 0.009) was also found with family functioning, observing that 37.5% of the physicians who have moderate dysfunction tend to present burnout syndrome. Conclusions: The burnout syndrome is common in this population, and is related to family functioning and the number of hours dedicated to activities outside work.

Caracterización de la infección de las vías urinarias en mujeres embarazadas atendidas en una entidad de primer nivel de atención (Manizales, Colombia) 2006-2010

Abstract: Resumen es: Antecedentes: Las infecciones del tracto urinario son las complicaciones mas frecuentes del embarazo. Ocasionan una seria morbilidad materna y perinatal ...

Características de madres gestantes y sus recién nacidos en relación con la edad de las madres en el departamento de Caldas (Colombia), 2003-2008

Abstract: Background: The extreme maternal ages were considered as the main cause of changes in the newborn, highlighting problems in size, weight and head circumference. Materials and methods: cross-sectional study con14124 newly nacidosde mothers of all ages registered in the database CLAP (Latin American Center for Perinatology) in the department of Caldas (Colombia, South America) during the periodof 2003-2008, the which variables considered significant for the study is analizaron44. Results: It was found that with higher than maternal age of 35 are the age group with the highest number of alterations in newborns, such as low weight, which was associated with increased perinatal death; greater number of chronic diseases associated with low Apgar at birth and more likely to need intensive care for newborns. Maternal age 18 had products with lower height and head circumference, without being related to problems later.

Prácticas y comportamientos sexuales de estudiantes de la Universidad de Manizales (Colombia) 2010

Abstract: This study aims at investigating the practices and sexual behaviors in a university population since positive behaviors may develop best abilities for the prevention of high-risk behaviors, major sexual satisfaction and a more meaningful life. This was a cross-sectional study, which involved students from all programs of the Universidad de Manizales (Caldas, Colombia), who were between first and ninth semester. The sample of this study was 267 students of a population of 3600 regular students, which was obtained by probability sampling stratified by gender and program. The average age was 21.69, with a higher ratio of women (58.8%), 1.5% were homosexual and 5% bisexual; the most used contraception method was barrier methods (41.3%); 15.2% had had some kind of sexual transmission infection (STI). Regarding sexual practices 22.8% performed the different practices (masturbation, oral sex, anal sex, vaginal sex), and the average age of first sexual intercourse was 16.09; 53.1% agrees with abortion and 84% agreed with its total decriminalization; 73.2% have an acceptance and tolerance of homosexuality. The study allowed seeing the influence of several variables such as gender, family, religion and educational background on behavior and responsible sexual practice.

Estudio epidemiológico sobre juegos de azar y factores asociados en población universitaria de la universidad de Manizales, Colombia, 2010

Abstract: Resumen es: Antecedentes, Los juegos de azar se definen como toda actividad que consista en poner en riesgo un objeto de valor con la esperanza de obtener otro de ma...

Relación entre hipertensión arterial y obesidad en pacientes hipertensos atendidos en ASSBASALUD E.S.E, Manizales (Colombia) 2010

Abstract: Background: Studies made in different countries indicate that a higher risk of developing hypertension exists in obese patients. This association increases the risk of presenting irreversible changes on a cardiovascular, kidney and retina level. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was made, in which 200 medical records of hypertensive patients in the period between 2007 and 2009 where reviewed. The following variables where analyzed: age, genre, weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, target organ damage, blood pressure. Results: 60.6% of the sample presented overweight and obesity. Using the X2 procedure, an association was found between the categories of arterial tension and BMI (p=0,023), using the coefficient of correlation from Person a significant relation was found between diastolic blood pressure and BMI (p=0.023). Additionally a significant association was found between blood pressure and waist circumference (p=0.014) as well as with age and genre.

Evento coronario agudo: correlación clínica de enzimas cardíacas y hallazgos electrocardiográficos en un servicio de urgencias de la ciudad de Manizales (Colombia), año 2009

Abstract: Background: Cardiovascular disease is the first cause of morbidity and mortality in the West and the second cause of death in Colombia; it is important to find out the relationship established between electrocardiographic, enzymatic and clinical findings in patients who consult with chest pain to an emergency department of Manizales city, Colombia, with this disease suspected. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed during 2009, in which 286 medical records where analyzed which formed the study sample, evaluating demographic variables, pain characteristics, ECG findings, enzyme values, and risk factors. Results: It was found in the ACE 24.1% of positive troponin, 15.5% positive total CK, 6.9% Positive CK-MB and positive ECG 91.1%; in the diagnosis of AMI the CKMB was positive in 18.2%, positive total CK in 45.5%, positive troponin in 68.2% and ECG was positive in 100% of the cases. 35% of patients with diagnosis of non ACE had positive troponin, positive total CK in 33.3% and positive CK-MB in 21.1%, being able to attribute this to comorbidities. Conclusions: The low sensitivity and specificity demonstrated by the cardio enzymes in the study could be due to the inadequate sample because its elevation starts at 3 to 4 hours as demonstrated in several studies. The cardio enzymes and electrocardiographic and clinical findings are still very important when ischemic heart disease is suspected, its diagnosis and management.

Practices and sexual behaviors of students of the Universidad de Manizales 2010

Abstract: This study aims at investigating the practices and sexual behaviors in a university population since positive behaviors may develop best abilities for the prevention of high-risk behaviors, major sexual satisfaction and a more meaningful life. This was a cross-sectional study, which involved students from all programs of the Universidad de Manizales (Caldas, Colombia), who were between first and ninth semester. The sample of this study was 267 students of a population of 3600 regular students, which was obtained by probability sampling stratified by gender and program. The average age was 21.69, with a higher ratio 79 Prácticas y comportamientos sexuales de estudiantes de la Universidad de Manizales (Colombia) 2010 Psicología desde el Caribe. Universidad del Norte. N.o 28: 77-106, 2011 IntroduccIón A lo largo de la historia, las prácticas y comportamientos hacia la sexualidad humana han estado estrechamente relacionados con la moral imperante en la sociedad de la época. Tradicionalmente, ciertas conductas sexuales han venido siendo objeto de valoraciones diferentes en función del sexo de quien las realizase (Sierra, Rojas, Ortega & Ortiz, 2007) ya que los hombres son menos amorosos y más reservados que las mujeres, mientras estas acusan mayor sensibilidad emocional (Hill, 2007); además, el machismo de la sociedad vulnera el género femenino con actitudes que subestiman a las mujeres, como llamarlas el sexo débil, al mismo tiempo que las estigmatiza por realizar prácticas sexuales manifiestas, mientras los hombres han gozado de popularidad o admiración en situaciones similares (Sierra et ál., 2007). Aunque las actitudes mencionadas en años anteriores eran más comunes en gente adulta, ahora también están presentes en los jóvenes; por ello es necesario entender y explorar las experiencias de estos últimos ya que deben desenvolverse en la llamada sociedad de riesgo, caracterizada por la incertidumbre, violencia y amenazas (Ospina & Manrique, 2007). Diversos factores influyen en el comportamiento sexual; además de su temprana iniciación, el contexto social y familiar, los factores sociodemográficos (género, nivel socioeconómico, grupo étnico, estructura familiar, entre otros) se destacan dentro de los más significativos (Varga-Trujillo of women (58.8%), 1.5% were homosexual and 5% bisexual; the most used contraception method was barrier methods (41.3%); 15.2% had had some kind of sexual transmission infection (STI). Regarding sexual practices 22.8% performed the different practices (masturbation, oral sex, anal sex, vaginal sex), and the average age of first sexual intercourse was 16.09; 53.1% agrees with abortion and 84% agreed with its total decriminalization; 73.2% have an acceptance and tolerance of homosexuality. The study allowed seeing the influence of several variables such as gender, family, religion and educational background on behavior and responsible sexual practice.