Information pertaining to enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose by noncomplexed cellulase enzyme systems is reviewed with a particular emphasis on development of aggregated understanding incorporating substrate features in addition to concentration and multiple cellulase components. Topics considered include properties of cellulose, adsorption, cellulose hydrolysis, and quantitative models. A classification scheme is proposed for quantitative models for enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose based on the number of solubilizing activities and substrate state variables included. We suggest that it is timely to revisit and reinvigorate functional modeling of cellulose hydrolysis, and that this would be highly beneficial if not necessary in order to bring to bear the large volume of information available on cellulase components on the primary applications that motivate interest in the subject.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/bit.20282

Toward an aggregated understanding of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose: noncomplexed cellulase systems.

http://www.biotek.lu.se/fileadmin/bioteknik/Utbildning/Kurser/KKKA05/ProgressETOHprocess.pdf

Progress in bioethanol processing

Hemicelluloses for fuel ethanol: A review.

A review on alkaline pretreatment technology for bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass.

The economic dependency on fossil fuels and the resulting effects on climate and environment have put tremendous focus on utilizing fermentable sugars from lignocellulose, the largest known renewable carbohydrate source. The fermentable sugars in lignocellulose are derived from cellulose and hemicelluloses but these are not readily accessible to enzymatic hydrolysis and require a pretreatment, which causes an extensive modifi cation of the lignocellulosic structure. A number of pretreatment technologies are under development and being tested in pilot scale. Hydrolysis of lignocellulose carbohydrates into fermentable sugars requires a number of different cellulases and hemicellulases. The hydrolysis of cellulose is a sequential breakdown of the linear glucose chains, whereas hemicellulases must be capable of hydrolysing branched chains containing different sugars and functional groups. The technology for pretreatment and hydrolysis has been developed to an extent that is close to a commercially viable level. It has become possible to process lignocellulose at high substrate levels and the enzyme performance has been improved. Also the cost of enzymes has been reduced. Still a number of technical and scientifi c issues within pretreatment and hydrolysis remain to be solved. However, signifi cant improvements in yield and cost reductions are expected, thus making large-scale fermentation of lignocellulosic substrates possible. © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Enzymatic conversion of lignocellulose into fermentable sugars: challenges and

Xylooligosaccharides (sugar oligomers made up of xylose units) are useful for a variety of purposes. This article reviews the production of xylooligosaccharides from lignocellulosic materials (by chemical or enzymatic methods) and the purification of the end products, as well as their application as food ingredients, with special attention to the beneficial effects caused on health by these types of compounds.

Xylooligosaccharides: manufacture and applications

Furfural production using ionic liquids: A review

Prebiotic potential of pectins and pectic oligosaccharides derived from lemon peel wastes and sugar beet pulp: A comparative evaluation

There is an increased interest on the identification, production, purification, evaluation and commercialization of new prebiotics with improved properties. Partial hydrolysis of pectin by chemical and/or enzymatic methods leads to the production of pectin-derived oligosaccharides (POS), which have been proposed as a new class of prebiotics. This work reviews the scientific information available on the production, chemical characterization, purification and properties of POS, with special focus on their in vitro and in vivo effects.

José Luis Alonso

Papers

Xylooligosaccharides: manufacture and applications

Furfural production using ionic liquids: A review

Prebiotic potential of pectins and pectic oligosaccharides derived from lemon peel wastes and sugar beet pulp: A comparative evaluation

Pectic oligosaccharides: Manufacture and functional properties

Bioethanol production from hydrothermally pretreated Eucalyptus globulus wood.