Excitation−emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy has been widely used to characterize dissolved organic matter (DOM) in water and soil. However, interpreting the >10,000 wavelength-dependent fluorescence intensity data points represented in EEMs has posed a significant challenge. Fluorescence regional integration, a quantitative technique that integrates the volume beneath an EEM, was developed to analyze EEMs. EEMs were delineated into five excitation−emission regions based on fluorescence of model compounds, DOM fractions, and marine waters or freshwaters. Volumetric integration under the EEM within each region, normalized to the projected excitation−emission area within that region and dissolved organic carbon concentration, resulted in a normalized region-specific EEM volume (Φi,n). Solid-state carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, ultraviolet−visible absorption spectra, and EEMs were obtained for standard Suwannee River fulvic acid and 15 h...

Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix regional integration to quantify spectra for dissolved organic matter.

A mini-review on membrane fouling

A review of soluble microbial products (smp) in wastewater treatment systems

Various water quality and treatment characteristics were evaluated under controlled chlorination conditions to determine their influences on the formation and distribution of nine haloacetic acids and four trihalomethanes in drinking water Raw waters were sampled from five water utilities and were coagulated with alum and fractionated with XAD-8 resin The resulting four fractionsraw and coagulated water and the hydrophobic and hydrophilic extractswere then chlorinated at pH 6 and 8 and held at 20 °C for various contact times The results show that increasing pH from 6 to 8 increased trihalomethane formation but decreased trihaloacetic acid formation, with little effect on dihaloacetic acid formation More trihalomethanes were formed than haloacetic acids at pH 8, while the reverse was true at pH 6 Hydrophobic fractions always gave higher haloacetic acid and trihalomethane formation potentials than their corresponding hydrophilic fractions, but hydrophilic carbon also played an important role in disinfe

Factors influencing the formation and relative distribution of haloacetic acids and trihalomethanes in drinking water.

https://dr.ntu.edu.sg/bitstream/10356/82800/2/Figures%20_R20151007.pdf

Josepha Manka

Papers

Formation and distribution of haloacetic acids, THM and TOX in chlorination of bromide-rich lake water

Classification of organics in secondary effluents

Characterization of organics in secondary effluents

Organic groups and molecular weight distribution in tertiary effluents and renovated waters

Sorption of organics on clay and synthetic humic-clay complexes simulating aquifer processes