Many plant essential oils show a broad spectrum of activity against pest insects and plant pathogenic fungi ranging from insecticidal, antifeedant, repellent, oviposition deterrent, growth regulatory and antivector activities. These oils also have a long tradition of use in the protection of stored products. Recent investigations indicate that some chemical constituents of these oils interfere with the octopaminergic nervous system in insects. As this target site is not shared with mammals, most essential oil chemicals are relatively non-toxic to mammals and fish in toxicological tests, and meet the criteria for "reduced risk" pesticides. Some of these oils and their constituent chemicals are widely used as flavoring agents in foods and beverages and are even exempt from pesticide registration. This special regulatory status combined with the wide availability of essential oils from the flavor and fragrance industries, has made it possible to fast- track commercialization of essential oil-based pesticides. Though well received by consumers for use against home and garden pests, these "green pesticides" can also prove effective in agricultural situations, particularly for organic food production. Further, while resistance development continues to be an issue for many synthetic pesticides, it is likely that resistance will develop more slowly to essential-oil-based pesticides owing to the complex mixtures of constituents that characterize many of these oils. Ultimately, it is in developing countries which are rich in endemic plant biodiversity that these pesticides may ultimately have their greatest impact in future integrated pest management (IPM) programmes due to their safety to non-target organisms and the environment.

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Essential oils as green pesticides potential and constraints

Essential oils are complex mixtures isolated from aromatic plants which may possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of interest in thye food and cosmetic industries as well as in the human health field. In this work, a review was done on the most recent publications concerning their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. At the same time a survey of the methods generally used for the evaluation of antioxidant activity and some of the mechanisms involved in the anti-inflammatory activities of essential oils are also reported.

/pdf/antioxidant-and-anti-inflammatory-activities-of-essential-36nqpnzt48.pdf

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of essential oils: a short review.

Antibacterial activity and mechanism of cinnamon essential oil against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

Essential oils for the development of eco-friendly mosquito larvicides: A review

This review provides an updated overview of the most important applications of supercritical fluids in the extraction of bioactive compounds from plant matrices The main factors influencing the extraction yields, solubility, and manufacturing costs are described Aspects concerning the operational processing in the extraction and fractionation are also discussed The data compiled herein are focused on the extraction of essential oils, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, tocopherols, and tocotrienols

Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Bioactive Compounds: Fundamentals, Applications and Economic Perspectives

Chemical compositions of leaf essential oils from eight provenances of indigenous cinnamon (Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kaneh.) were compared. According to GC-MS and cluster analyses, the leaf essential oils of the eight provenances and their relative contents were classified into five chemotypescinnamaldehyde type, linalool type, camphor type, cinnamaldehyde/cinnamyl acetate type, and mixed type. The larvicidal activities of leaf essential oils and their constituents from the five chemotypes of indigenous cinnamon trees were evaluated by mosquito larvicidal assay. Results of larvicidal tests demonstrated that the leaf essential oils of cinnamaldehyde type and cinnamaldehyde/cinnamyl acetate type had an excellent inhibitory effect against the fourth-instar larvae of Aedes aegypti. The LC50 values for cinnamaldehyde type and cinnamaldehyde/cinnamyl acetate type against A. aegypti larvae in 24 h were 36 ppm (LC90 = 79 ppm) and 44 ppm (LC90 = 85 ppm), respectively. Results of the 24-h mosquito larvicidal assays a...

Chemical Composition and Mosquito Larvicidal Activity of Essential Oils from Leaves of Different Cinnamomum osmophloeum Provenances

The leaf essential oil from indigenous cinnamon (Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kaneh.) was investigated by gas chromatography−mass spectrometry, and 21 compounds were identified. The major constituents of leaf essential oil were the monoterpenes 1,8-cineole (17.0%) and santolina triene (14.2%) and the sesquiterpenes spathulenol (15.7%) and caryophyllene oxide (11.2%). In the antiinflammatory activity assay, we demonstrated that the essential oil has a higher capacity to inhibit proIL-1β protein expression induced by LPS-treated J774A.1 murine macrophage. At dosages of 60 μg/mL, essential oil clearly inhibited proIL-1β protein expression. Furthermore, a dose of 60 μg/mL of essential oil was effectively inhibitory for IL-1β and IL-6 production but not for TNF-α, suggesting that essential oil was bioactive in antiinflammation in vitro. This study is the first to report antiinflammatory activity of extracts obtained from the leaf essential oil of C. osmophloeum. Keywords: Cinnamomum osmophloeum; leaf; essential oils...

Study on the antiinflammatory activity of essential oil from leaves of Cinnamomum osmophloeum.

Chemical polymorphism and antifungal activity of essential oils from leaves of different provenances of indigenous cinnamon (Cinnamomum osmophloeum)

Insecticidal activities of leaf essential oils from Cinnamomum osmophloeum against three mosquito species.

http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/177311/1/26.pdf

Ju-Yun Liu

Papers

Chemical Composition and Mosquito Larvicidal Activity of Essential Oils from Leaves of Different Cinnamomum osmophloeum Provenances

Study on the antiinflammatory activity of essential oil from leaves of Cinnamomum osmophloeum.

Chemical polymorphism and antifungal activity of essential oils from leaves of different provenances of indigenous cinnamon (Cinnamomum osmophloeum)

Insecticidal activities of leaf essential oils from Cinnamomum osmophloeum against three mosquito species.

Antifungal activity of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol congeners against wood-rot fungi