Food waste-to-energy conversion technologies: Current status and future directions

Secondary lithium ion battery technology has made deliberate, incremental improvements over the past four decades, providing sufficient energy densities to sustain a significant mobile electronic device industry Because current battery systems provide ∼100-150 km of driving distance per charge, ∼5-fold improvements are required to fully compete with internal combustion engines that provide >500 km range per tank Despite expected improvements, the authors believe that lithium ion batteries are unlikely to replace combustion engines in fully electric vehicles However, high fidelity and safe Li ion batteries can be used in full EVs plus range extenders (eg, metal air batteries, generators with ICE or gas turbines) This perspective article describes advanced materials and directions that can take this technology further in terms of energy density, and aims at delineating realistic horizons for the next generations of Li ion batteries This article concentrates on Li intercalation and Li alloying electrodes, relevant to the term Li ion batteries

New Horizons for Conventional Lithium Ion Battery Technology

Current updates on waste to energy (WtE) technologies: a review

Valorisation of food waste via hydrothermal carbonisation and techno-economic feasibility assessment

Food waste recovery into energy in a circular economy perspective: A comprehensive review of aspects related to plant operation and environmental assessment

This study is aimed to evaluate and compare environmental impacts of various food waste management systems: anaerobic digestion, co-digestion with sewage sludge, and volume reduction using a garbage dryer followed by incineration from generation to final disposal. An environmental credit using life cycle assessment was employed to compare by-products. The entire disposal process, namely discharge, collection, transportation, treatment, and final disposal, was included in the system boundary. The functional unit was 1 tonne of food waste from households for each treatment option. Global warming potential of the category indicator was selected to assess the environmental impact of food waste disposal options. The net global warming potential (environmental credit) of the options (wet based) was 33 kg of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-eq) for anaerobic digestion and �315 kg of CO2-eq for incineration by renewable energy production as electricity, thermal energy, and primary materials avoided. We found that dryer-incineration option was an available alternative for food waste recycling in a metropolitan area in Korea.

/pdf/evaluation-of-food-waste-disposal-options-in-terms-of-global-4217qkk64d.pdf

Evaluation of food waste disposal options in terms of global warming and energy recovery: Korea

Activated carbon is carbon produced from carbonaceous source materials, such as coconut shells, coals, and woods. In this study, an activated carbon production system was analyzed by carbonization and activation in terms of environmental impact and human health. The feedstock of wood wastes for the system reduced fossil fuel consumption and disposal costs. Life cycle assessment methodology was used to analyze the environmental impacts of the system, and the functional unit was one tonne of wood wastes. The boundary expansion method was applied to analyze the wood waste recycling process for activated carbon production. An environmental credit was quantified by avoided impact analysis. Specifically, greenhouse gases discharged from 1 kg of activated carbon production system by feeding wood wastes were evaluated. We found that this system reduced global warming potential of approximately 9.69E+00 kg CO2-eq. compared to the process using coals. The environmental benefits for activated carbon production from wood wastes were analyzed in contrast to other disposal methods. The results showed that the activated carbon system using one tonne of wood wastes has an environmental benefit of 163 kg CO2-eq. for reducing global warming potential in comparison with the same amount of wood wastes disposal by landfilling.

/pdf/analysis-of-environmental-impact-of-activated-carbon-2bdsoncshu.pdf

Jung Wk Kim

Papers

Evaluation of food waste disposal options in terms of global warming and energy recovery: Korea

Analysis of environmental impact of activated carbon production from wood waste