Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a relatively new solid-state joining process. This joining technique is energy efficient, environment friendly, and versatile. In particular, it can be used to join high-strength aerospace aluminum alloys and other metallic alloys that are hard to weld by conventional fusion welding. FSW is considered to be the most significant development in metal joining in a decade. Recently, friction stir processing (FSP) was developed for microstructural modification of metallic materials. In this review article, the current state of understanding and development of the FSW and FSP are addressed. Particular emphasis has been given to: (a) mechanisms responsible for the formation of welds and microstructural refinement, and (b) effects of FSW/FSP parameters on resultant microstructure and final mechanical properties. While the bulk of the information is related to aluminum alloys, important results are now available for other metals and alloys. At this stage, the technology diffusion has significantly outpaced the fundamental understanding of microstructural evolution and microstructure–property relationships.

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Friction Stir Welding and Processing

A significant increase in the research activity dedicated to high manganese TWIP steels has occurred during the past five years, motivated by the breakthrough combination of strength and ductility possessed by these alloys. Here a review of the relations between microstructure and mechanical properties is presented focusing on plasticity mechanisms, strain-hardening, yield stress, texture, fracture and fatigue. This summarized knowledge explains why TWIP steel metallurgy is currently a topic of great practical interest and fundamental importance. Finally, this publication indicates some of the main avenues for future investigations required in order to sustain the quality and the dynamism in this field.

High manganese austenitic twinning induced plasticity steels: A review of the microstructure properties relationships

Deformation twinning in nanocrystalline materials

Superior light metals by texture engineering: Optimized aluminum and magnesium alloys for automotive applications

Overview no. 76: Mechanism of deformation and development of rolling textures in polycrystalline f.c.c. metals—I. Description of rolling texture development in homogeneous CuZn alloys

Recent development in aluminium for automotive applications

The main Aluminium applications as state-of-the-art in European cars are presented. The main established Aluminium alloys and their application in automotive parts are presented together with recent developments. Also new studies and innovative multi-material concepts are discussed where Aluminium light-weight solutions are compared with that of other materials, like new steels, magnesium, plastics and composites. In the “SLC” (Super-Light-Car) project these new concepts were tested in a multi-material body-in-white prototype for a VW Golf V car, reaching a 34% weight reduction within a cost increment of 7,8 €/kg saved, with suitable technologies for high volume assembly cycles. In the final SLC concept Aluminium is the material of choice, proving its leading role in innovative light-weighting of cars. Aluminium achieves weight savings of parts up to 50% while maintaining safety and performance in a cost efficient way, competing efficiently with other light-weight materials.

Aluminium in Innovative Light-Weight Car Design

The properties of Al-alloys for car body applications are largely controlled by microstructure and crystallographic texture of the final sheets. In this paper, the impact of texture on formability and, in particular, on surface appearance of the sheets is reviewed. The paper summarizes the principles of microstructure and texture evolution during the main steps of the thermomechanical processing of age-hardenable Al–Mg–Si sheets (6 xxx series alloys). The most important parameters that may be used to modify the textures and hence to improve the resulting properties are outlined.

Jürgen Hirsch

Papers

Superior light metals by texture engineering: Optimized aluminum and magnesium alloys for automotive applications

Overview no. 76: Mechanism of deformation and development of rolling textures in polycrystalline f.c.c. metals—I. Description of rolling texture development in homogeneous CuZn alloys

Recent development in aluminium for automotive applications

Aluminium in Innovative Light-Weight Car Design

Texture control by thermomechanical processing of AA6xxx Al–Mg–Si sheet alloys for automotive applications—a review