Survey paper: A survey on routing algorithms for wireless Ad-Hoc and mesh networks

In the recent decades, wireless communication system development has been changing enormously. The Wireless application services are increasing quickly and the service provider is very hard to manage the user requested services. As per the Ericson mobility report on 2016 utters in 2021, the worldwide mobile subscriptions will accomplish 9,000 million, then W-CDMA and HSPA subscriptions will reach 3,100 million and LTE will attain 4,300 million subscriptions, so in upcoming years 3G and 4G technologies will difficult to handle the mobile traffics. 5G subscriptions are expecting to be commercial technology from 2020 onwards and it can assure 5G is capable of managing the mobile traffic. The purpose of the research is a detailed study on 3G, 4G, and 5G network technologies.

A Review on Mobile Technologies: 3G, 4G and 5G

Enhanced-Ant-AODV for optimal route selection in mobile ad-hoc network

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are infrastructureless and distributed communication systems that require sophisticated approaches to routing to cope with node mobility and heterogeneous application requirements. In the past few years, distributed hash table (DHT) has come forth as a useful additional technique to the design and specification of spontaneous and self-organized networks. Researchers have exploited its advantages by implementing it at the network layer and developing scalable routing protocols for MANETs. The implementation of DHT-based routing in a MANET requires different algorithms and specifications compared to routing in the Internet because a MANET has its unique characteristics, such as node mobility, spontaneous networking, decentralized architecture, limited transmission range, dynamic topology, and frequent network partitioning/merging.In this article, we present a comprehensive survey of research related to DHT-based routing that aims at enhancing the scalability of MANETs. We present a vivid taxonomy of DHT-based routing protocols and the guidelines to design such protocols for MANETs. We compare the features, strengths, and weaknesses of existing DHT-based routing protocols and highlight key research challenges that are vital to address. The outcome of the analysis serves as a guide for anyone willing to delve into research on DHT-based routing in MANETs.

http://romisatriawahono.net/lecture/rm/survey/network%20security/Abid%20-%20DHT-Based%20Routing%20-%202014.pdf

A Survey on DHT-Based Routing for Large-Scale Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

This paper provides researchers many structures for mobile Ad hoc protocol that also could be implemented in VANET protocols. In the literature, there are numerous mobile Ad hoc network (MANET) routing protocols aiming to find the most suitable path from source to destination. Therefore these protocols should be categorized and classified. This classification helps in understanding, analyzing, comparing, and evaluating the routing protocols. Also, the classification can assist researchers and designers to differentiate the characteristics of the routing protocols and to find the relationships between them. The routing protocols cannot be included under one category or one classification, therefore, the known characteristics should be listed and the MANET routing protocols classified according to these attributes. In this paper, varies routing protocol classifications are presented that depend on design philosophy, on network structure, or on the routing protocol characteristic (packet casting and network routing metrics).

MANET routing protocols taxonomy

mobile ad-hoc network is characterized as network without any physical connections. In this network there is no fixed topology due to the mobility of nodes, interference, multipath propagation and path loss. Many Routing protocols have been developed to overcome these characteristics. The purpose of this paper is to review existing mobile ad-hoc proactive and reactive routing protocols depending on their proactive and reactive nature respectively. This review paper provides an overview of these protocols by presenting their characteristics, functionality, benefits and limitations and then makes their comparative analysis so to analyze their performance. The objective of this review paper is to provide analysis about improvement of these existing protocols.

/pdf/survey-on-mobile-ad-hoc-network-routing-protocols-53wgegtjdj.pdf

Survey on Mobile Ad Hoc Network Routing Protocols

Wireless Communication is an inevitable part of Smart Home domain. A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is defined as an arrangement of wireless mobile nodes which creates a temporary network for the communication. MANET suffers from both kinds of attacks, active and passive attacks at all the layers of the network model. The lacks of security measures of routing protocols allow attackers to intrude the network. Wormhole, the attack is generated by tunnels creation and it results in complete disruption of routing paths on MANET. The proposed security approach is to detect and mitigate wormhole attack. It is secured Ad hoc on demand distance vector (AODV) approach which efficiently finds wormhole attack present in a MANET and Digital signature is used to prevent it. This approach is based on a calculation of tunneling time taken by tunnel to analyze the behavior of wormhole. Afterward, it decides some static threshold value. Based upon this tunneling time and threshold value, it decides whether given node is wormhole node or trustworthy node. A digital signature and hash chain algorithm is applied to mitigate the wormhole node.

/pdf/advanced-aodv-approach-for-efficient-detection-and-3tkjm094cm.pdf

Advanced AODV approach for efficient detection and mitigation of wormhole attack in MANET

Exploration of Vulnerabilities, Threats and Forensic Issues and its impact on the Distributed Environment of Cloud and its mitigation

-With the major wireless service providers planning to start deployment of 4G wireless networks by mid 2010, research and industry communities are racing against time to find solutions for some of the prominent still open issues in 4G networks. The growing interest in 4G networks is driven by the set of new services will be made available for the first time such as accessing the Internet anytime from anywhere, global roaming, and wider support for multimedia applications. In this paper describe some of the key opportunities will be made available by 4G networks, present key challenges and point to some proposed solutions. Keywords--4G networks, Wireless Networks, Security and Privacy, Quality of Service, Architecture

4G Wireless Networks: Opportunities and Challenges

Sensor Network has gained the reputation of becoming the most promising technology of 21 century due to its low cost and ability to traverse longer distances in unattended hostile environments. However, security has still remained a burning and an unresolved issue for both centralized and decentralized wireless sensor networks. Using rigorous theoretical and practical analysis, we have traced numerous security challenges, security attacks and have designed an efficient timestamp-based protocol called “SET-CTA” to provide defense against variety of security attacks in non-clustered wireless sensor deployment environments. Previously proposed TESLA and μ-TESLA [40] schemes were limited in scope; those schemes were only able to provide protection against basic security attacks like non-repudiation. But SETCTA scheme gives a flexibility to provide protection against numerous security attacks like (e.g. eavesdropping, node capture, man in the middle attack, con-currency attacks, trust attacks and many more [40]) by considering various timestamp based parameters like current-timestamp, sending time-stamp, timestamp-difference(Δt) etc. To the best of my knowledge, this is the only end-to-end timestamp based scheme that can provide secure and efficient transmission in centralized wireless sensor environments and can also assure protection against different range of security attacks. General Terms Security, Authentication

/pdf/centralized-timestamp-based-approach-for-wireless-sensor-4uqbegsadu.pdf

K. H. Wandra

Papers

Survey on Mobile Ad Hoc Network Routing Protocols

Advanced AODV approach for efficient detection and mitigation of wormhole attack in MANET

Exploration of Vulnerabilities, Threats and Forensic Issues and its impact on the Distributed Environment of Cloud and its mitigation

4G Wireless Networks: Opportunities and Challenges

Centralized Timestamp based Approach for Wireless Sensor Networks