Modeling the propagation of a wildfire through a Mediterranean shrub using a multiphase formulation

http://arrow.utias.utoronto.ca/~ogulder/Z_PECS_SOOT_2012.pdf

Soot formation in high pressure laminar diffusion flames

On the formation and early evolution of soot in turbulent nonpremixed flames

Computational fluid dynamics modeling of compartment fires

Modeling of fire spread through a forest fuel bed using a multiphase formulation

The processes of soot formation and thermal radiation in turbulent non-premixed flames are intimately coupled. The comprehensive modelling of fluctuating scalar properties in buoyantly-driven fires, necessary for the detailed prediction of the soot and radiation fields, is then a particularly challenging problem. This paper describes a modelling framework within which such distinct elements as the soot formation mechanism and the turbulence-radiation interaction can be evaluated. Flamelet modelling is used to both simplify the soot chemistry, by comparison between detailed prediction and laminar experiment, and to address the issue of turbulence interaction in the buoyant fire computations. Predictions of spectrally-resolved radiative emission at visible and infra-red wavelengths in a methane-fueled fire are compared with radiometer measurements.

Modelling soot formation and thermal radiation in buoyant turbulent diffusion flames

A simplified two-equation model of soot formation is described which extends the laminar flamelet approach to combustion chemistry modelling and thereby admits application to turbulent non-premixed flames. The critical roles for mixture fraction and temperature are identified and extensive property maps have been generated experimentally in a laminar ethylene-air diffusion flame for purposes of model development and validation. Detailed measurements of mixture fraction by microprobe sampling and mass spectrometric analysis, temperature by fine wire thermocouple and soot volume fraction by laser extinction are reported. The problems of probe measurements in sooting regimes are briefly reviewed and a strategy based on transient thermocouple measurements, compensated for the effects of thermal inertia, is advocated. Measurements are reported up to pressures of 3 bar and compared with detailed model predictions. A model for soot formation, incorporating in an approximate manner the effects of nucleation, surface growth and agglomeration on particle number density and soot volume fraction, has been adapted to two-dimensional flame flow-field prediction. Encouraging agreement is achieved between the extensive data set and numerical simulation at atmospheric and elevated pressure.

Flowfield modelling of soot formation at elevated pressure

Mesure locale de la fraction volumique de suie par extinction laser et de la composition du melange par spectrometrie de masse dans les flammes planes laminaires de diffusion de l'ethylene et du kerosene. Modelisation et simulation numerique en vue d'integrer la suie aux calculs des ecoulements turbulents

K.J. Syed

Papers

Modelling soot formation and thermal radiation in buoyant turbulent diffusion flames

Flowfield modelling of soot formation at elevated pressure

Flamelet chemistry modelling of soot formation for radiation prediction in combustor flow fields