VOLUME ONE: CLASSICAL AND CONTEMPORARY STUDIES Banana Time: Job Satisfaction and Informal Interaction - Donald Roy Perceptions and Methods in Men Who Manage - Melville Dalton Men and Women of the Corporation - Rosabeth Kanter Manufacturing Consent - Michael Burawoy Breakfast at Spiro's: Dramaturgy and Dominance - Michael Rosen The World of Corporate Managers - Robert Jackall Engineering Humour: Masculinity Joking and Conflict in Shop-Floor Relations - David Collinson Extract from Crafting Selves: Power Gender and Discourses of Identity in a Japanese Workplace - Dorinne Kondo Engineering Culture: Control and Commitment in a High-Tech Corporation - Gideon Kunda Theorizing Managerial Work: A Pragmatic Pluralist Approach to Interdisciplinary Research - Tony Watson Rational Choice Situated Action and the Social Control of Organizations: The Challenger Launch Decision - Diane Vaughan Strategizing as Lived Experience and Strategists - Dalvir Samra-Fredericks Power Control and Resistance in 'The Factory that Time Forgot' - Mahmoud Ezzamel et al. Extract from Talking about Machines: An Ethnography of a Modern Job - Julian Orr Extract from The Business of Talk: Organizations in Action - Diedre Boden Extract from Investigating Small Firms: Nice Work? - Ruth Holliday Narrative Interviewing and Narrative Analysis in a Study of a Cross-Border Merger - Anne-Marie Soderberg Speech Timing and Spacing: The Phenomenon of Organizational Closure - Francois Cooren and Gail T. Fairhurst, VOLUME TWO: METHODS APPROACHES TECHNIQUES: GUIDES AND EXEMPLARS The Infeasibility of Invariant Laws in Management Studies: A Reflective Dialogue in Defence of Case Studies - Tsuyoshi Numagami The Interview: From Neutral Stance to Political Involvement - Andrea Fontana and James Frey Rethinking Observation: From Method to Context - Michael Agrosino et al. Notes on (Field) notes - James Clifford The Textual Approach: Risk and Blame in Disaster Sensemaking - Robert Gephart Triangulation in Organizational Research: A Re-presentation - Julie Wolfram Cox and John Hassard The Storytelling Organization: A Study of Performance in an Office Supply Firm - David Boje Semiotics and the Study of Occupational and Organizational Cultures - Stephen Barley The Use of Grounded Theory for the Qualitative Analysis of Organizational Behaviour - Barry Turner Reflecting on the Strategic Use of CAQDAS to Manage and Report on the Qualitative Research Process - Mark Wickham and Megan Woods Longitudinal Field Research on Change - Andrew Pettigrew Historical Perspectives in Organization Studies: Factual Narrative and Archeo-Genealogical - Michael Rowlinson Action Research: Explaining the Diversity - Cathy Cassell and Phil Johnson Photography and Voice in Critical Qualitative Management Research - Samantha Warren Moments Mixed Methods and Paradigm Dialogues - Norman Denzin VOLUME THREE: PRACTICES AND PREOCCUPATIONS Extract from The Discipline and Practice of Qualitative Research - Norman Denzin and Yvonna Lincoln Learning to Be a Qualitative Management Researcher - Catherine Cassell et al. Getting In Getting On Getting Out and Getting Back - David Buchanan et al. Reflections on the Researcher-Researched Relationship: A Woman Interviewing Men - Terry Arendell Real-Time Reflexivity: Prods to Reflection - Karl Weick Towards an Integrative Reflexivity in Organizational Research - Leah Tomkins and Virginia Eatough Appealing Work: An Investigation of How Ethnographic Texts Convince - Karen Golden-Biddle and Karen Locke The Philosophy and Politics of Quality in Qualitative Organizational Research - John Amis and Michael Silk Objectivity and Reliability in Qualitative Analysis: Realist Contextualist and Radical Constructionist Epistemologies - Anna Madill et al. Whatever Happened to Organizational Ethnography: A Review of the Field of Organizational Ethnography and Anthropological Studies - S.P. Bate Working with Pluralism: Determining Quality in Qualitative Research - Mark Easterby-Smith, Karen Golden-Biddle and Karen Locke The Role of the Researcher: An Analysis of Narrative Position in Organisation Theory - Mary Jo Hatch The Professional Apprentice: Observations of Fieldwork Roles in Two Organizational Settings - John Van Maanen and Deborah Kolb In Defense of Being "Native": The Case for Insider Academic Research - Teresa Brannick and David Coghlan Ethics and Ethnography - Robert Dingwall Extract from Qualitative Methods in Management Research - Evert Gummesson Making Sense as a Personal Process - Judi Marshall My Affair with the "Other": Identity Journeys across the Research-Practice Divide - Laura Empson VOLUME FOUR: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS Secrecy and Disclosure in Fieldwork - Richard Mitchell Organization Science as Social Construction: Postmodern Potentials - Kenneth Gergen and Tojo Joseph Thatchenkerry Farewell to Criteriology - Thomas Schwandt Reflexive Inquiry in Organizational Research: Questions and Possibilities - Ann Cunliffe The Action Turn: Towards a Transformational Social Science - Peter Reason and William Torbert Signing My Life Away? Researching Sex and Organization - Joanna Brewis Evaluating Qualitative Management Research: Towards a Contingent Criteriology - Phil Johnson et al. Postcolonialism and the Politics of Qualitative Research in International Business - Gavin Jack and Robert Westwood Organization Studies and Epistemic Coloniality in Latin America: Thinking Otherness from the Margins - Eduardo Ibbaro-Colado Fitting Oval Pegs into Round Holes: Tensions in Evaluating and Publishing Qualitative Research in Top-Tier North American Journals - Michael Pratt Hegemonic Academic Practices: Experiences of Publishing from the Periphery - Susan Merilainen et al., Case Study as Disciplinary Convention: Evidence from International Business Journals - Rebecca Piekkari, Catherine Welsh and Eriikka Paavilainen Managerialism and Management Research: Would Melville Dalton Get a Job Today? - Emma Bell Ways of constructing research questions: gap-spotting or problematization? - Jorgen Sandberg and Mats Alvesson

Challenges and prospects

Fundamentals of Optical Fiber Sensors

The paper investigates the effect of thermo-optic switching resulting from the hybrid combination of a tapered optical fiber (TOF) with alkanes doped with nanoparticles of zinc sulfide doped with manganese (ZnS:Mn NP). Presented measurements focused on controlling losses in an optical fiber by modification of a TOF cladding by the alkanes used, characterized by phase change. Temperature changes cause power transmission changes creating a switcher or a sensor working in an ON-OFF mode. Phase change temperatures and changes in the refractive index of the alkane used directly affected power switching. Alkanes were doped with ZnS:Mn NPs to change the hysteresis observed between ON-OFF modes in pure alkanes. The addition of nanoparticles (NPs) reduces the difference between phase changes due to improved thermal conductivity and introduces extra nucleating agents. Results are presented in the wide optical range of 550–1200 nm. In this investigation, hexadecane and heptadecane were a new cladding for TOF. The higher alkanes were doped with ZnS: Mn NPs in an alkane volume of 1 wt.% and 5 wt.%. The thermo-optic effect can be applied to manufacture a thermo-optic switcher or a temperature threshold sensor.

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/21/5044/pdf

Thermo-Optical Switching Effect Based on a Tapered Optical Fiber and Higher Alkanes Doped with ZnS:Mn.

This paper presents the results of a study on the possibility of detecting organosulfur and organophosphorus compounds by means of polymer-assisted optical fiber technology. The detection of the aforementioned compounds can be realized by fabricating a polymer-coated tapered optical fiber (TOF), where the polymer works as an absorber, which changes the light propagation conditions in the TOF. The TOFs were manufactured based on a standard single-mode fiber for telecommunication purposes and, as an absorbing polymer, hexafluorobutyl acrylate was used, which is sensitive to organosulfur and organophosphorus compounds. The spectral measurements were conducted in a wide optical range—500–1800 nm—covering the visible part of the spectrum as well as near infrared part in order to show the versatility of the proposed solution. Additionally, detailed absorption dynamics measurements were provided for a single wavelength of 1310 nm. The analyses were conducted for two concentrations of evaporating compounds, 10 µL and 100 µL, in a volume of 150 mL. Additionally, a temperature dependency analysis and tests with distilled water were carried out to eliminate the influence of external factors. The results presented in this article confirmed the possibility to provide low-cost sensors for dangerous and harmful chemical compounds using optical fiber technology and polymers as sensitive materials.

/pdf/detection-of-organosulfur-and-organophosphorus-compounds-3ay3rd1j.pdf

Detection of Organosulfur and Organophosphorus Compounds Using a Hexafluorobutyl Acrylate-Coated Tapered Optical Fibers

The presented research shows the possibilities of creating in-line magnetic sensors based on the detection of changes of light propagation parameters, especially polarization, obtained by mixing Fe3O4 nanoparticles with hexadecane (higher alkane) surrounding a biconical optical fiber taper. The fiber optic taper allows to directly influence light parameters inside the taper without the necessity to lead the beam out of the structure. The mixture of hexadecane and Fe3O4 nanoparticles forms a special cladding surrounding a fiber taper which can be controlled by external factors such as the magnetic field. Described studies show changes of transmission (power, loss) and polarization properties like azimuth, and ellipticity, depending on the location of the mixture on sections of tapered optical fiber. The taper was made of a standard single-mode telecommunication fiber, stretched out to a length of 20.0 ± 0.5 mm and the diameter of the tapers is around 15.0 ± 0.3 μm, with the loss lower than 0.5 dB @ 1550 nm. Such a taper causes the beam to leak out of the waist structure and allows the addition of the external beam-controlling cladding material. The presented research can be used to build polarization switches or optical sensor. The results show that it can be a new way to control the propagation parameters of a light beam using tapered optical fiber and magnetic mixture.

/pdf/optical-properties-of-a-tapered-optical-fiber-coated-with-2tnlksdd.pdf

Optical Properties of a Tapered Optical Fiber Coated with Alkanes Doped with Fe3O4 Nanoparticles

This study presents the doping of higher alkanes, namely, pentadecane (C15) and hexadecane (C16), with ZnS:Mn nanoparticles to create new types of in-line optical fiber sensors with unique optical properties. In this research, the phenomenon of light beam leakage out of the taper and its interaction with the surrounding materials is described. The fabricated new materials are used as cladding in a tapered optical fiber to make it possible to control the optical light beam. The manufactured sensor shows high sensitivity and fast response to the change in the applied materials. Results are presented for a wide optical range of 1200-1700 nm with the use of a supercontinuum source and an optical spectrum analyzer, as well as for a single wavelength of 800 nm, corresponding to the highest transmitted power. The results present a change in the optical property dependence on the temperature in the cooling and heating process. For all materials, the measurements in a climatic chamber are provided between 0 and 40 °C, corresponding to the phase change of the alkanes from solid to liquid. The addition of nanoparticles to the volume of alkanes is equal to 1 wt%. To avoid a conglomeration of nanoparticles, the anti-agglomeration material, Brij 78 P, is used.

Modification of Higher Alkanes by Nanoparticles to Control Light Propagation in Tapered Fibers

Presented article shows the effect of using ZnS:Mn nanoparticles in the solution of higher alkanes on the light wave propagation in a biconical, adiabatic optical fiber taper. The used mixture of alkanes with nanoparticles forms a special cladding surrounding a fiber taper. Described studies show change of beam intensity depending on mixture temperature and its state of aggregation. Tests were carried out in a wide spectral range from the visible up to infrared wavelengths. The taper was made of a standard single-mode telecom fiber, pulled out to a length of 20.0 ± 0.5 mm and the diameter of the taper waist is 14.0 ± 0.2 μm. Such taper causes the beam to leak out of a waist structure and allows to add an external beam-controlling cladding material. The built-in sensor containing nanoparticles operates on the on-off principle. Nanoparticles added to the alkanes cause increase of hysteresis in a heating and cooling process. Such mixture makes also a significant shift of temperature characteristic in a heating process in which mixture change their physical state with a simultaneous slight shifting of the characteristics during cooling. Depending on the source used, weakening or amplification of the signal was obtained after switching to the liquid state.

Katarzyna Matras-Postołek

Papers

Thermo-Optical Switching Effect Based on a Tapered Optical Fiber and Higher Alkanes Doped with ZnS:Mn.

Modification of Higher Alkanes by Nanoparticles to Control Light Propagation in Tapered Fibers

Optical fiber taper sensor with a nanoparticles' mixture cladding