Kathryn A. Lindl

TL;DR: It is suggested that Nrf2-mediated transcription is not induced in neurons in AD despite the presence of oxidative stress, and in PD, nuclear localization of NRF2 is strongly induced, but this response may be insufficient to protect neurons from degeneration.

TL;DR: By considering the specific mechanisms and consequences of HIV neuropathogenesis, unified approaches for neuroprotection will likely emerge using a tailored, combined, and non-invasive approach.

TL;DR: It is shown that ARVs are neurotoxic in the CNS in both pigtail macaques and rats in vivo and implicate oxidative stress as a contributor to the underlying mechanisms of ARV-induced neurotoxicity and will provide an access point for adjunctive therapies to complement ARV therapy and reduce neurotoxicity in this patient population.

TL;DR: Data presented here indicate for the first time that numbers of macrophages/microglia increase in brains of MCMD patients, as has been observed in HAD, and suggest that ER stress response is activated in HIV‐infected cortex.

TL;DR: The data suggest calpain activation of CDK5, a pathway activated in HIV‐infected individuals, can mediate neuronal damage and death in a model of HIV‐induced neurotoxicity.