Chemical Analysis of Food

Acacia nilotica is one of the major gum-yielding acacia species found in the Indian subcontinent but has not studied extensively as compared to the commercial gum acacia (Acacia senegal). The present study aimed to analyses the physical, functional, morphological, and thermal properties of Acacia nilotica gum. Physical analyses show that Acacia nilotica gum is a free-flowing powder with 33% porosity. According to an X-ray diffraction analyzer, Acacia nilotica gum consists of both amorphous and crystalline nature powder (96.2%, 3.8%, respectively). The mineral analysis showed that Ca, K, P, Mg, and Na were the major minerals present in Acacia nilotica gum. The mean molecular weight of a major fraction of Acacia nilotica gum is 0.99 × 105 Da. The surface tension reduction was more considerable for commercial gum acacia than Acacia nilotica gum at all concentrations. Acacia nilotica gum shows weak emulsion capacity (24.7% ESI of 3% gum solution after 7 days) than the commercial gum acacia (47% ESI of 3% gum solution after 7 days). The film made using Acacia nilotica gum shows less elongation (30%) than the film made using commercial gum acacia (36%). The obtained results help in understanding the behaviour of Acacia nilotica gum and to know its role in different food and pharmaceutical applications.

Characterization of Acacia nilotica exudate gum and its film

Controlling invasive alien species Vachellia nilotica with triclopyr herbicide in Baluran National Park


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review phytochemical potential of acacia and its associated health advantages. Acacia a moderate-sized, deciduous tree and recognised as health-promoting species because of availability of essential bioactive components. The bioactive compounds such as tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, fatty acids and polysaccharides (gums) present in the plant parts of acacia, namely, bark, leaves, flowers, fruits, twigs and seeds, have medicinal value and thus are used to overlay the formulations of plant-based drugs and value-added foods.


Design/methodology/approach
Major well-known bibliometric information sources such as Web of Science, Scopus, Mendeley and Google Scholar were searched with keywords such as “nutrition value of acacia”, “bioactive compounds”, “health benefits”, “processing and safety” were chosen to obtain a database of 1,428 papers. The search considered papers in the English language from the past 18 years of publication in journals (2004–2022). The article selection process consisted of the screening of titles and abstracts, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Articles that did not have acacia components as a study objective were taken into consideration for exclusion. A final database of 87 scientific sources was made after sorting and classifying them according to different criteria based on topic relevance, country of origin and year of publication. Articles with other random descriptors were also searched to complement the discussion of the results obtained.


Findings
The literature reflected that acacia contains all necessary phytochemicals like polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, glucosinolates, alkaloids and carotenoids along with essential macro, micro-nutrients. Furthermore, processing methods such as soaking, cooking, roasting and dehusking significantly reduced the anti-nutritional factors present in acacia seeds of different species. This review also focused on the processing methods that are used to eliminate or lower down the anti-nutritional factors from the seeds. Previous findings related to acacia plant parts with respect to food development are explored and mentioned.


Originality/value
This review emphasised mainly on recent studies that had been reported on ethnomedical acacia plants therapeutically, commercially and exponentially for further studies to increase the utilisation in food processing.


Bioactive compounds of acacia, health benefits and its utilization in food processing industry: a critical review

Introduction: To expand the range of domestic biologically active additives, the composition of dietary supplements “Avena-Uz” was developed, which includes dry extracts of sowing oats and rose hips. As a result of the research, the quality standards of the studied dietary supplement were established. Aims: Study of the specific effectiveness of “Avena-Uz”. Methodology: The study of choleretic activity was carried out according to the generally accepted method of N.P. Skakun and A.N. Oleinik Results: The research results showed that the rate of bile secretion in rats receiving choleretic dietary supplements compared with healthy animals for 4 hours of the experiment significantly increased on average by 25.6%. At the same time, there was an increase in the content of bile acids in bile by 39.8% and cholesterol by 3.1% in comparison with the control animals. Conclusions: The study of the specific efficacy of “Avena-uz” showed that the dietary supplement can stimulate the exocrine function of the liver, and also normalizes cholesterol, triglycerides in the blood, the content of digestive enzymes alkaline phosphatase and amylase.

/pdf/study-of-biological-efficiency-biological-active-additive-2p787845eq.pdf

Study of Biological Efficiency Biological Active Additive “Avena-Uz”

Acacia nilotica is an evergreen tree found throughout Indiaand it belongs to the leguminosae family. The gum of this tree has been used in some parts of the country for its salutary therapeutic benefits. The gum was obtained from Acacia nilotica trees of West Bengal, India and was investigated for macronutrients and micro nutrients. The results of the present study showed that some essential minerals like calcium, iron, sodium, potassium, phosphorus were present in significant quantities which were 366.37, 25.41, 11.91, 124.87, 2.96 mg per 100 gram of pulverised gum respectively. The quantity of minerals like chromium, zinc, selenium, copper, magnesium, manganese was 0.67, 10.28, 0.54, 0.66, 22.61, 5.73 mg/kg gum respectively. It was found to be an energy dense gum containing 87.05 per cent of carbohydrate with substantially low fat, protein and vitamin content. The outcome of proximate analysis and high mineral content may account for the wide spectrum of medicinal and pharmaceutical properties of gum of Acacia nilotica which has been claimed in the pertinent literature.

/pdf/quantitative-analysis-of-nutrients-in-the-gum-exudates-of-1sekp0yzef.pdf

Kazi Layla Khaled

Papers

Quantitative Analysis of Nutrients in the Gum Exudates of Acacia nilotica