K
Kenneth R. Paap
Researcher at San Francisco State University
Publications - 53
Citations - 4579
Kenneth R. Paap is an academic researcher from San Francisco State University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Cognition & Lexical decision task. The author has an hindex of 26, co-authored 51 publications receiving 4175 citations. Previous affiliations of Kenneth R. Paap include New Mexico State University.
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There is no coherent evidence for a bilingual advantage in executive processing.
TL;DR: A problem reconfirmed by the present study is that effects assumed to be indicators of a specific executive process in one task frequently do not predict individual differences in that same indicator on a related task, which undermines the interpretation that these are valid indicators of domain-general abilities.
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Bilingual advantages in executive functioning either do not exist or are restricted to very specific and undetermined circumstances.
TL;DR: The hypothesis that managing two languages enhances general executive functioning is examined and the cumulative effect of confirmation biases and common research practices has created a belief in a phenomenon that does not exist or has inflated the frequency and effect size of a genuine phenomenon.
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An activation--verification model for letter and word recognition: the word-superiority effect
TL;DR: An activation-verification model for letter and word recognition yielded predictions of two-alternative forced-choice performance for 864 individual stimuli that were either words, orthographically regular nonwords, or orthographically irregular nonwords.
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Dual-route models of print to sound: Still a good horse race
Kenneth R. Paap,Ronald W. Noel +1 more
TL;DR: This article showed that a relative slowing of the non-lexical route should eliminate the regularity effect obtained with low-frequency words while significantly enhancing the small frequency effect obtaining with regular words.
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Bilingual advantages in executive functioning: problems in convergent validity, discriminant validity, and the identification of the theoretical constructs.
TL;DR: A review of the existing literature suggests that bilingual advantages (or disadvantages) may reflect task-specific differences that are unlikely to generalize to important general differences in EF and assumed measures of executive functioning may also be threatened by a lack of discriminant validity.