This article explores the applicability of the notion of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) in reference to the crisis faced by the Rohingya in Myanmar, and it discusses why the R2P has limited us...

The Reality of Protecting the Rohingya: An Inherent Limitation of the Responsibility to Protect

This thesis investigates how socialization in three selected institutions, namely the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) and the UN Security Council (UNSC) has led to pro-norm behaviour on the part of Vietnamese officials. This behavioural change was evidenced by their support for the creation of an ASEAN Human Rights Body, the adoption of Preventive Diplomacy Papers in the ARF and internalization of the Responsibility to Protect as an emerging norm at the Security Council. Empirical findings in the thesis show that socialization occurred across three case-studies, eliciting pro-norm behaviour on the part of state officials, though to varying degrees. These findings confirm the plausibility of socialization as a source of cooperative behaviour among state agents within social environments. In addition, they provide insights into the slow but increasingly active and substantive cooperation in political and security areas where Vietnam has historically been reluctant. The thesis concludes with a suggestion that socialization could be an extremely useful framework for investigating how far Vietnam might go beyond verbal support for new norms, given the country has recently embarked on a new phase of integration. Vietnam now attaches great importance to the implementation of international commitments that it has made, and considers this a guiding principle for the country‘s new integration strategy. Socialization processes could yield insights about the likely extent of norm internalization and compliance in this new period.

/pdf/vietnam-in-international-institutions-48r53exipd.pdf

Vietnam in international institutions

Responsibility to Protect (R2P) is the national and international responsibility to protect populations against mass atrocities. This article discusses prospects for the implementation of R2P objec...

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0976399621989464

Responsibility to Protect and Rising Asian Powers

As a regional organization, ASEAN upholds its core principles of non-interference, consultation and consensus. Meanwhile, Responsibility to Protect (R2P) encourages the need for the international community’s intervention to a country that falls to its citizens. Hence, this creates tension between ASEAN principles and R2P. The tension is reflected when the limited capacity of a member state’s government might invite humanitarian intervention from the international community. This research aims to discuss how Southeast Asian regionalism adapts to this situation and is undergoing dynamic reformulation to reconcile ASEAN Way and humanitarian principles. In contemporary Southeast Asian Studies, the extent of R2P inception in ASEAN regional cooperation is understudied. These methods utilize a reductionist approach in I.R. studies by explaining ASEAN through the analysis of individual actors based on a constructivism school of thought. The data taken from the interviews are utilized to confirm ASEAN and member states’ positions. This study argues that the traditional constructivist tipping point measurement for an international norm needs to be revisited. The tipping points for R2P in international forums may not necessarily be well-reflected at the regional level.

https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/ikat/article/download/50317/27045

The State of Responsibility to Protect Inception in ASEAN Regionalism

This chapter traces the process of acceptance of human security in Thailand in terms of both concept and operationalization by reviewing literature and interviewing key stakeholders. The position of the Thai government on human security is Janus-faced. The Thai government capitalized on the concept of human security in 1994 at the time it was propounded by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). After establishing the Ministry of Social Development and Human Security (MSDHS) in 2002, however, the focus has shifted from foreign policy for Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) to domestic “Thai-style” social welfare policy. While “Thai-style” human security is supposed to be one way of localizing the alien concept, the author argues that its “depoliticization”, that is, the omission of the “freedom from fear” aspect, tends to narrow the concept’s scope of application.

/pdf/human-security-in-practice-in-thailand-hxjwl7lvnb.pdf

Human Security in Practice in Thailand

The paper reviews Thailand's position on RtoP through in-depth interviews with those currently working most closely with RtoP-related issues within the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the National Hum...

Keokam Kraisoraphong

Papers

Thailand and the Responsibility to Protect