「脆弱性(Vulnerability)」とは何か

Amid climate change, biodiversity loss and food insecurity, there is the growing need to draw synergies between micro-scale environmental processes and practices, and macro-level ecosystem dynamics to facilitate conservation decision-making. Adopting this synergistic approach can improve crop yields and profitability more sustainably, enhance livelihoods and mitigate climate change. Using spatially explicit data generated through a public participatory geographic information system methodology (n = 37), complemented by spatial analysis, interviews (n = 68) and focus group discussions (n = 4), we explored the synergies between participatory farmer-to-farmer agroecology knowledge sharing, farm-level decisions and their links with macro-level prioritization of conservation strategies. We mapped farm conditions and ecosystem services (ES) of two village areas with varying knowledge systems about farming. Results of the farm-level analysis revealed variations in spatial perception among farmers, differences in understanding the dynamics of crop growth and varying priorities for extension services based on agroecological knowledge. The ES use pattern analysis revealed hotspots in the mapped ES indicators with similarities in both village areas. Despite the similarities in ES use, priorities for biodiversity conservation align with farmers’ understanding of farm processes and practices. Farmers with training in agroecology prioritized strategies that are ecologically friendly while farmers with no agroecology training prioritized the use of strict regulations. Importantly, the results show that agroecology can potentially contribute to biodiversity conservation and food security, with climate change mitigation co-benefits. The findings generally contribute to debates on land sparing and land sharing conservation strategies and advance social learning theory as it pertains to acquiring agroecological knowledge for improved yield and a sustainable environment.

https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/9/10/356/pdf

Spatial and Ecological Farmer Knowledge and Decision-Making about Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity

.............................................................................................................................................. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ........................................................................................................................... iv CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................................. vi LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................................... ix INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................... 1 The Emergence of Grassroots Internet Development in Indonesia ............................................. 14 Symbolic Infrastructure ................................................................................................................ 23 “Java” as a Cultural Ideal .............................................................................................................. 26 Governmentality .......................................................................................................................... 33 Methods ....................................................................................................................................... 39 Outline .......................................................................................................................................... 49 CHAPTER ONE ....................................................................................................................................... 52 KAMPOENG CYBER ........................................................................................................................... 52 Behind the Sultan’s Bath .............................................................................................................. 52 Yogyakarta: A Tourist City Recovers from Crisis .......................................................................... 55 Taman Sari .................................................................................................................................... 60 The Rise and Fall of the Batik Industry in Taman Sari .................................................................. 66 Kampoeng Cyber .......................................................................................................................... 71 A Stage for a Puppet Master ........................................................................................................ 85

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Kampoeng Cyber: Community-based Internet Development in Post-Suharto Indonesia

UNESCO’s heritage policies are one of the most extensive global drivers of landscape and cultural transformation and investment. In response to complaints about Western and object-focussed bias in World Heritage, a push within UNESCO generated a new convention and a new category of heritage: intangible cultural heritage (ICH). Maligned by academic critics, it has nonetheless been an incredibly widespread program internationally with over 170 states signed up to its convention and subject to its obligations. This article provides an assessment of the geographical reach and impact of UNESCO’s ICH program, and, through a case study in Indonesia, analysis of its most successful (according to the Indonesian Directorate of Culture) program for the production of batik cloth. Through the case study, I assess the impact of the ICH policy in Indonesia at different levels and for different groups, the scales it has enabled, and its impact on historical batik landscapes.

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International intangible cultural heritage policy in the neighbourhood: an assessment and case study of Indonesia

Pracimantoro sub-district has quite high tourism potential but has not been utilized properly to improve the regional economy of Wonogiri Regency. The development of pine forests into arboretum designs is the right choice in realizing edu-tourism that pays attention to natural conservation through ecological concepts. This concept applies a forest area design with attention to environmental sustainability and forest conservation. The arrangement of pine forest tourism areas is oriented to an emphasis on preserving nature, preserving local culture, and empowering the surrounding community. The research method used is qualitative and quantitative analysis based on data from various sources. The results of this study are recommendations for the benefits of arboretum development for the Pracimantoro sub-district.

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Strategi Pengembangan Arboretum Berbasis Arsitektur Ekologis di Hutan Pinus Pracimantoro Wonogiri

Urban flood risk is one of the frequent disasters in Indonesiancities. It causes the urban vulnerabilities including urban land use, community socio-economic assets, urban infrastructures and buildings. The massive urban land use changes will lead to the increase of flood riskif those changes do not manage properly. In other side, the increase offlood risk is also caused by the land use vulnerability. The assessment ofland use vulnerability on flood risk is an important element to identify theurban socio economic losses. Furthermore, the understanding of land usevulnerability could be an essential aspect for the urban land use plansrelating to the process of urban planning. This study has purpose to assessthe vulnerability of land use on flood risk in Surakarta City. This city hasseveral rivers flowing inside urban areas, and often, the flood occurrencestook place due to overflows of those rivers. This research used thedeductive approach. The data and information provided by the institutionaldocuments, and field observation. The result of the research indicated thatthe hazard level has more influence than the land use vulnerability level inthe calculation of flood risk. Furthermore, it demonstrated that the land usevulnerability level is not certainly linier correlated to the risk level.

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Land Use Vulnerability towards the Flood Risk in Surakarta City

Vitality of Urban Industrial Batik Clusters in Surakarta City and Its Implication on Tourism Industry

This paper discusses the features and issues of the urban industrial Batik cluster in the cities of Surakarta and Yogyakarta, in Central Java, Indonesia. First, the historical development process of the Batik industry was clari­ fied and stressed during the revitalization phase (2004 - Present) using timeline analysis; then the performance, industrial organization, and current conditions were identified for three selected sites in the areas of Laweyan, Kauman and Tamansari by comparison of each cluster's performance. Several factors have been analyzed, such as internal, external, and social factors. Subsequently, our analysis shows the main factors influencing sustainability are: traditional home-based production and the role of female managers, the strategic location and geographic closeness of sites to the labor supply and diversity. Furthermore, the issues facing all three of the sites in this study are the performance of the Forum as a knowledge-sharing agent, and as a platform for organizing the Batik industry and managing tourism within urban heritage sites. Based on these findings, this study provides suggestions which can be adopted for the future planning in the urban industrial Batik clusters.

Changes and Issues of Development and Management of Batik Industry in Java : Case Study of Surakarta and Yogyakarta

Rawa Pening memiliki beberapa fasilitas yang sudah terbangun berupa kawasan warung apung untuk memancing, bertani ikan, mencari enceng gondok, dan istirahat. Akan tetapi, fasilitas tersebut masih tidak belum memadai, tertata rapi, dan dicemari banyak sampah. Selain itu, ruang penelitian dan edukasi/pelatihan belum dibangun. Kawasan konservasi perairan dikelompokkan menjadi tiga yaitu zona inti (penelitian dan edukasi/pelatihan), pemanfaatan sumber daya, serta pengelolaan. Perancangan pusat konservasi Rawa Pening dihasilkan melalui metode penelitian deskriptif korelasi, yang menekankan pada pencarian data dan hubungan terhadap variabel lain (kajian teori). Penerapan ekologi diwujudkan dalam pengolahan lansekap kawasan dengan pola keanekaragaman hayati dan perbaikan model ekosistem perairan; desain elemen bangunan menggunakan prinsip sistem kenyamanan ruang dan bahan baku ekologis (lokal dan tahan lama); sistem utilitas menggunakan energi lokal, perubahan energi alternatif menjadi air bersih dan listrik, serta daur ulang air. Hasil desain pusat konservasi yang ekologis adalah pengolahan lansekap (taman ekologis dan vegetasi filtrasi, tempat pemancingan, karamba, dermaga, kolam laboratorium); tata massa bangunan menyesuaikan arah angin rawa dan memberi bukaan; tampilan bangunan berbentuk organik; material lokal digunakan (bambu, kayu sengon, enceng gondok, dan alang-alang); struktur apung dan pondasi tiang pancang cerucuk; sistem utilitas menggunakan mesin filtrasi air rawa, biofilter anaerob aerob, dan biogas (enceng gondok dan sampah organik).

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Penerapan ekologi dalam perancangan pusat konservasi rawa pening di kabupaten semarang

Urban conservation plays a siginificant part in urban design to develop historical quarter, in which sense of place theory can be applied. Kampung Arab Pasar Kliwon, an ethnic cultural quarter in Surakarta, is the case of this urban conservation study. It’s chosen due to the city goverment’s neglect on the development of the heritage area. The conservation includes living heritages in the area, which allows the place to be designated as living museum. This study rises a question on the concept of Kampung Arab Pasar Kliwon conservation, using sense of place theory, on desigining living museum. Answer to the stated issue is enhancing the activity, physical setting, and image in urban area and heritage buildings. Research method used in this study is qualitative-study case. On the street, sense of place is utilised to enhance economic activity, street life activity, cultural activity, and educational activity through urban physical element. In the heritage building, sense of place acts to preserve existing activities and develop or add new activities, room atmosphere, and building exterior. The built physical elements, accommodating the existing and new activities, are designed to conjure particular images (legibility, knowledgibility, and psychological access) through  conservation actions (preservation, reconstruction, and infill).

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Kusumaningdyah Nurul Handayani

Papers

Land Use Vulnerability towards the Flood Risk in Surakarta City

Vitality of Urban Industrial Batik Clusters in Surakarta City and Its Implication on Tourism Industry

Changes and Issues of Development and Management of Batik Industry in Java : Case Study of Surakarta and Yogyakarta

Penerapan ekologi dalam perancangan pusat konservasi rawa pening di kabupaten semarang

Penerapan Sense of Place sebagai Upaya Konservasi Kawasan : Studi Kasus pada Kampung Arab Pasar Kliwon