As especies medicinais Baccharis trimera e Baccharis articulata, nativas no sul do Brasil, sao muito utilizadas na medicina popular. Este estudo objetivou avaliar o potencial efeito citotoxico destas infusoes sobre o ciclo celular de Allium cepa. Ramos de duas populacoes de cada especie coletados durante os estadios vegetativo e reprodutivo (floracao) foram usados para preparar infusoes em duas concentracoes: 15 mg mL-1 e 75 mg mL-1. Celulas das pontas de raizes Allium cepa sao usadas como sistema teste in vivo. Foram preparadas lâminas atraves da tecnica de esmagamento. As celulas foram analisadas em todo o ciclo celular de A. cepa, totalizando 4000 celulas para cada grupo de bulbos. O indice mitotico (IM) foi calculado e realizado analise estatistica atraves do teste Qui-quadrado (c2 = 0,05). Os resultados mostraram que as infusoes de B. trimera nas duas populacoes causaram reducao do IM em relacao ao controle, mas nao entre as concentracoes, em ambos estadios utilizados. Os extratos de B. articulata tambem apresentaram reducao do IM em relacao ao controle, sendo que uma das populacoes apresentou diferenca do IM entre as concentracoes nos dois estadios, o que nao ocorreu na outra populacao. Com relacao a presenca de celulas com aberracoes cromossomicas, esta ocorreu em todas as populacoes estudadas. Os resultados indicaram que os extratos dessas especies apresentaram efeito antiproliferativo e mutagenico para as concentracoes estudadas, nao possuindo diferenca nesses efeitos quanto ao estadio de desenvolvimento das plantas.

Atividade antiproliferativa e mutagênica dos extratos aquosos de Baccharis trimera (Less.) A. P. de Candolle e Baccharis articulata (Lam.) Pers. (Asteraceae) sobre o sistema teste de Allium cepa Antiproliferative and mutagenic activities of aqueous extract of Baccharis trimera (Less.) A. P. de Candolle and Baccharis articulata (Lam.) Pers. (Asteraceae) on the Allium cepa test system

The species Handroanthus chrysotrichus, popularly known as, has astringent properties, being used by the population to treat mouth infections, prevent heart attacks and increase immunity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the

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POTENCIAL ANTIPROLIFERATIVO DE EXTRATOS AQUOSOS DE CASCAS DE Handroanthus chrysotrichus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos PELO TESTE Allium Cepa L.

This study assessed the cytotoxic and genotoxic potentials of extracts of Psittacanthus acinarius (Mart.) Mart. and Psittacanthus cordatus (Hoffmanns.) in the root cell cycle of Allium cepa L. Aqueous leaf extracts of P. acinarius and P. cordatus at three concentrations: 0.00, 5 and 20 mg/mL for 24 hours. Histological slides were prepared and mitotic indices (MI %) and chromosomal alteration indices (CAI %) were determined. Inhibitory effects of the aqueous extract of leaves of P. acinarius were observed in 46.33 and 46.00% at concentrations of 5 and 20 mg/mL, respectively, in relation to the control (62.83%), in addition to a higher chromosomal alteration index by 0.26% at a concentration of 20 mg/mL. In the aqueous extract of leaves of P. cordatus, the greatest inhibitory effects were 33.83 and 35.50% in the concentrations of 5 and 20 mg/mL, respectively, in relation to the control (88.16%) and the highest alteration index chromosomal (3.30%) at 5 mg/mL. The aqueous leaf extracts of P. acinarius and P. cordatus at concentration of 5 and 20 mg/mL inhibit MI %, reveal an irregular recovery or prevent it, and induce chromosomal alterations, suggesting cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on division of meristematic cells of A. cepa.

https://revistafitos.far.fiocruz.br/index.php/revista-fitos/article/download/1312/1062

Effects cytotoxic and genotoxic of Psittacanthus acinarius and Psittacanthus cordatus (mistletoe) on Allium cepa

The species Polygonum punctatum Elliott (Polygonaceae) is widely used by the Brazilian population as a medicinal plant. The aims of this study are to evaluate the genotoxic and mutagenic potential of P. punctatum, using its root bulbs and rootlets in germinated seeds of Allium cepa by in vivo testing, and to compare the extraction of plant material by heat (infusions) and cold (extract). Thus, two types of solutions - infusions and leaf extracts - of P. punctatum were prepared at the two concentrations of 0.4 g ml-1 and 2.4 g mL- 1. The infusion was prepared by addition of dry leaves in boiling distilled water (100oC), remaining for 10 minutes, while the extract was prepared by maceration of dried leaves in cold distilled water. For the A. cepa, we used for each treatment six groups of six bulbs and six seedling boxes with 50 seeds each. Two slides for each treatment were obtained by the technique of crushing the roots, and they were stained with 2 % acetic orcein. For the analysis, 2000 cells per group of bulbs and 3000 cells per group of seeds were counted, and we noted the occurrence of interruptions in the metaphase, chromosomal aberrations, as well as inhibited or increased cell division. The values of the mitotic index were calculated and statistically analyzed by the χ2 test (p ≤ 0.05). The results showed that the infusions and extracts of leaves showed reduced values of mitotic indices in the concentrations used compared to the control in distilled water. Chromosomal alterations were identified in the cell division, in all concentrations of infusions and extracts, thus indicating that P. punctatum has an antiproliferative and genotoxic activity.

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L.A.S. Neves

Papers

Ação genotóxica e antiproliferativa de Polygonum punctatum Elliott (Polygonaceae) sobre o ciclo celular de Allium cepa L.