L.J. Gibson

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the nine processes used for producing metal foams, five of which are established commercially and fall into four broad classes: first, the foam is formed from the vapor phase; second, it is electrodeposited from an aqueous solution; third, it depends on liquid-state processing; and fourth, foam is created in the solid state.

TL;DR: Foam properties are influenced by structure, anisotropy, and defects such as wiggly, buckled or broken cell walls, and cells of exceptional size or shape, and the characteristics of foam are best summarized by describing the material from which it is made, its relative density, and stating whether it has open or closed cells as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compare energy absorption in metal foams, comparing them with other competing systems, including hollow tubes, shells, metal honeycombs, and foams with a long, flat stress-strain curve.

TL;DR: In this paper, reliable methods for characterizing metallic foams in uniaxial compression and tension states, under conditions of creep and fatigue, and during indentation, are summarized and compared.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide eight case studies on the potential applications of metal foams in automotive applications, focusing on integrally molded foam parts such as MEPURA ALULIGHT, which can be molded to give complex shapes having dense skins with foamed cores.