https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.2307%2F3343168.pdf

Development as Freedom

The rise of 'the rest' : Challenges to the west from late-industrializing economies.

Contemporary discourse on land in Africa is polarized between advocates of tenure reform through state registration of individual titles to land and others who claim that customary or 'communal' tenure is the only check against landlessness among the poor in the African countryside, and that 'pro-poor' land policy should therefore strengthen customary rights to land. This paper draws on a growing body of evidence on the emergence of vernacular rural land sales and rental markets to question assumptions that underlie the non-market 'ideal type' communal tenure model that has historically dominated policy thinking in Africa, and continues to be shared by both sides of the current land tenure reform debate. The paper argues that recognition of the specific characteristics of 'vernacular land markets'- commoditized transfers of land within the framework of customary tenure - is essential if state land policies are to succeed in promoting the interests of the poor.

Customary vs Private Property Rights? Dynamics and Trajectories of Vernacular Land Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa

We first derive a theoretical model to predict that the relation between nonperforming loan ratios and government shareholdings can be downward-sloping, upward-sloping, U-shaped, and inversely U-shaped. An increase in the government's shareholding facilitates political lobbying. On the other hand, private shareholding induces more nonperforming loans (NPLs) to be manipulated by corrupt private owners. We adopt a panel data set of forty Taiwanese commercial banks during 1996–99 for empirical analysis. The results show that the rate of NPLs decreased as the ratio of government shareholding in a bank rose (up to 63.51 percent), while the rate thereafter increased. Bank size was negatively related to the rate of NPLs. Rates of NPLs are shown to have steadily increased from 1996 to 1999. Banks established after deregulation, on average, had a lower rate of NPLs than those established before deregulation.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1746-1049.2004.tb00945.x

Ownership and nonperforming loans: evidence from taiwan's banks

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1057%2Fces.1994.20.pdf

The Political Economy of Policy Reform

http://kumlai.free.fr/RESEARCH/THESE/TEXTE/INEQUALITY/Thailande/The%20Financial%20Crisis%20in%20Thailand.pdf

The financial crisis in Thailand: Causes, conduct and consequences?

During the 1990s inbound foreign direct investment (FDI) became a significant factor in Thailand's industrial transformation. At the same time there were increasing concerns about whether the new transnational comporation (TNC)-driven export industries actually contributed to the long-term competitiveness and a sustainable pattern of industrialisation in Thailand. This led in turn to the formulation of TNC–small and medium-scale enterprise (SME) linkage policies as well as a set of broader SME and supporting industry policies to supplement unfolding liberalisation of trade and investment policies. The article is concerned with the extent to which the Thai government was able to formulate and in particular implement a credible and adequate set of linkage and supplier development policies. It is generally argued that the Thai governments failed to implement such policies and thereby missed an early opportunity of supporting upgrading among Thai-owned parts producers. Mistaken policies were mainly due to a r...

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1080%2F0957881042000266624.pdf

Foreign Direct Investment, Linkage Formation and Supplier Development in Thailand during the 1990s: The Role of State Governance

The global financial–economic crisis has led to a rethinking on the relative roles of state and markets. Public investments and industrial policies are no longer seen as interventions that inevitably lead to inefficient, uncompetitive and rent‐extracting forms of industrialisation. The present article looks at the content of (‘the what’), the justification for (‘the why’), and the adoption and implementation of (‘the how’) strategic industrial policy in relation to latecomer development. The aim of the article is to come up with some guiding principles on a strategic industrial policy, which supports a long‐term and robust expansion of productive activity through sectoral diversification, industrial deepening and industrial upgrading.

Strategic Industrial Policy and Latecomer Development: The What, the Why and the How

What happens when developing countries can no longer grow by simply exploiting their existing comparative advantages in natural resources or cheap labor? When entering the 21st century Thailand was confronted with that question, but in comparison with other East Asian countries it was also a laggard in relation to industrial technology development. Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra placed industrial upgrading high on the policy agenda. This article combines a policy cycle analysis with a political analysis. It examines the ability and willingness of the Thaksin government to design and implement an adequate and coherent set of industrial upgrading policies with a particular emphasis on implementation issues. It is argued that although many initiatives were taken during the Thaksin era, they did not add up to an adequate and coherent set of industrial upgrading policies. This was partly due to institutional legacies in the bureaucratic system but mainly a result of the logic of politics, including the nature of political coalition-building.

The Policies and Politics of Industrial Upgrading in Thailand during the Thaksin Era (2001–2006)

After having been put aside for three decades, industrial policy has reappeared in the research and policy debate on economic development in the Global South. However, it has also been argued that fragmented and decentralised value chains have foreclosed the traditional role of industrial policy. The article reviews three strands of thinking, exploring to what extent and how one can align the call for new industrial policy with the expansion of global value chains? It is shown how the research agenda can be moved forward by realigning contributions from global value chain scholarship with researchers that take their point of departure concerning a new industrial policy in structural transformation, technological capability and innovation system thinking.

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Laurids Sandager Lauridsen

Papers

The financial crisis in Thailand: Causes, conduct and consequences?

Foreign Direct Investment, Linkage Formation and Supplier Development in Thailand during the 1990s: The Role of State Governance

Strategic Industrial Policy and Latecomer Development: The What, the Why and the How

The Policies and Politics of Industrial Upgrading in Thailand during the Thaksin Era (2001–2006)

New economic globalization, new industrial policy and late development in the 21st century: A critical analytical review