Showing papers in "World Development in 1998"

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors defined the assets of the urban poor in terms of an "asset vulnerability framework" and showed that the poor are managers of complex asset portfolios, and illustrate how asset management affects household poverty and vulnerability.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the magnitude and determinants of enterprise births, closures, and expansions, and explore the ways in which these different sources of change are influenced by the state of the macroeconomy.

TL;DR: The authors examined the effects of various policies on foreign direct investment (FDI) flows from the perspective of the "eclectic theory" of international investment, and hence the advantages of foreign ownership, host country location, and internationalization.

TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of data on stock markets in 16 developing countries suggests that stock markets become larger, more liquid, more integrated internationally, and more volatile after controls on capital and dividend flows are liberalized.

TL;DR: In this article, the impact of micro-finance on the recipient household's income was investigated in seven developing countries and the authors attempted to relate such impact to the institutions' design features.

TL;DR: The authors examines some of the issues that arise in contingent valuation work in developing countries that demand careful attention, but that in many respects it is easier to do high-quality contingent valuation surveys in developing country than in industrialized countries.

TL;DR: In this article, a formal structure for analyzing the complex web of factors is formulated and used to review the existing literature on the links between poverty and the degradation of four natural resource sectors, highlighting the important role institutional and market failure in encouraging agents from various income groups to exhibit unsustainable activities which in turn forces some of the agents to fall into poverty.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose an analytical framework for technology development, based upon evolutionary approaches and drawing upon Asian development strategies, based on the concept of market stimulating technology policies, comprising a broad array of policies to promote industrial and technological development, some market and others government determined.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used panel data to investigate responses of one set of households to the risk of a major droughts in rural households in Zimbabwe and found that the main private coping mechanism is the sale of cattle.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the interests driving capital account liberalization without a framework of regulation, the single most irresponsible act of public authorities in the whole crisis, and assesses the evidence.

TL;DR: In this article, a modified version of the Human Development Index (HDI) has been proposed for measuring human development based on the components of the HDI developed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) since 1990.

TL;DR: In this article, a case study of a non-formal education project in Burkina Faso is presented, in which different stakeholders employ participation to their advantage and the realities of the field act as barriers to participatory development.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the role of social capital in the Russian mortality crisis and found that people living in societies with a high degree of social cohesion, characterized by strong social networks and high levels of interpersonal trust, seem to be healthier than those living in socially disorganized societies.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors set out a disaggregated view of food production in urban areas, emphasizing the analytical and policy importance of rural-urban interactions in resource and output markets as well as in income transfers.

TL;DR: In this article, the impact of aid on public sector fiscal behavior is examined by analyzing how aid revenue affects government fiscal behavior with respect to tax, borrowing, and expenditure decisions; unlike previous contributions, aid is endogenous in the model, which has a number of important implications.

TL;DR: The authors argued that ill-managed financial liberalization, abandonment of investment coordination, and poor exchange rate management were the underlying causes of the Korean economic crisis and argued that, while certain structural changes made such policy shifts somewhat inevitable, there were also poor strategic choices and ideological prejudices involved.

TL;DR: In this article, a framework is provided that explains the inverse relationship based on plausible assumptions about imperfections in the markets for labor, land, credit and risk, and a set of testable hypotheses are derived.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors put together evidence from analysis of routinely collected data on changes in Russian mortality and found that psychological stress caused by the shock of an abrupt and severe economic transition is likely to have played a major role mediated in part by the adverse health effects of excessive alcohol consumption.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine two major components of financial liberalization, stock market development and portfolio capital flows in the context of less developed countries, and consider microeconomic and macroeconomic perspectives on their implications for long-term development and economic growth.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared six microcredit organizations of 19th-century Europe to identify what institutional designs were conducive to success and sustainability and found that organizations that depended on charitable funding were more fragile and tended to lose their focus more quickly than those that obtained funds from depositors.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors survey the methods most often used to assess the welfare effects of public spending and draw conclusions about the limitations of current practices and implications for future best practices.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the regional and temporal variation in rural property rights signals a pattern in which decentralized institutional innovation occurs in response to the competing interests of the national state, of local authorities, and of present and possible future individual land users.

TL;DR: In this article, an econometric analysis of the determinants of successful collective action based on a survey of 104 peasant cooperative institutions in Paraguay is presented, showing that cooperation increases as the level of women's participation and social capital increases.

TL;DR: The economic performance of micro-states and those sub-national regions enjoying a high degree of autonomy is a generally under-researched area as discussed by the authors, and the authors of this paper build on earlier research (Armstrong and Read, 1995) by employing quantitative techniques to test: 1) the extent to which the economic performance differs, by comparing their GNP per capita with that of the region in which they were located and with the countries to which they are adjacent; 2) whether some micro states perform better than others as a result of differences in their economic structure;

TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive survey in three regions of Russia sheds some light on new dimensions of poverty, including home gardening and subsistence agriculture, which plays an important role in real income and food consumption of the middle-income strata.

TL;DR: In this article, a detailed analysis of historical cases suggests that the development of both technologies and methodologies is highly dependent on local context and is characterized by conflicts over the direction of change and affected by the activities of a particular type of grouping, the development coalition.

TL;DR: India and many other countries need to rethink their health care system development strategies to acknowledge and build upon the opportunities offered by the already extensive nongovernment health care sector, rather than to view nongogovernment services simply as a constraint to successful public programs.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a simple Fisherian model of the "overborrowing syndrome" to compare the Asian crisis of 1997 with earlier overborrowing episodes in Mexico and Chile.

TL;DR: The reliability of food security rating was tested in a rural area of Honduras as mentioned in this paper, where participants were split into small sets of three to five persons, and each set was asked to rate the food security status of all households in their association.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a review of river basin development planning and management to assess why problems occur, and then focus on possibilities for improvements, and discuss the potential for improvements.