http://as.ucpress.edu/content/ucpfes/24/2/27.full.pdf

The Philippine Cooperative Movement

For centuries farm tenancy has been one of the main sources of misery and discontent in the rural areas of the Philippines. Basically it has been the cause of the agrarian disturbances which have so often seriously threatened the peace and security of the nation. Any insurance of the economic stability and general well-being of the people must therefore depend largely upon its satisfactory solution. This brief study was undertaken primarily to throw more light on the prewar condition of this vexing problem, with the hope that it might serve as background material for a more wisely-planned economy in the postwar reconstruction of the Philippines.

Leopoldo T. Ruiz

Papers

Farm Tenancy and Cooperatives in the Philippines