Described in the psychiatric literature since the nineteenth century, obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD) could be clearly identified by written accounts centuries earlier. According to present-day psychiatric classification schemes, obsessions are recurrent ideas, thoughts, images or impulses which provoke intense subjective discomfort. Afflicted individuals resist them at first, usually by engaging in some repetitive thoughts or actions designed to reduce the level of discomfort provoked by the obsessions. Rituals take the form of washing or cleaning to remove contamination, checking to verify that no damage has occurred, putting things in precise order, repeating actions to prevent some disaster from occurring, hoarding or saving things to retain important information, as well as various types of mental rituals such as praying, repeating thoughts, and counting. Both obsessions and compulsions are usually recognized by the individual as excessive or unreasonable.

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

http://jasoncartermd.com/resources/pdf/Obsessive-Compulsive%20Disorder.pdf

Obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Background Despite their important role in cognitive function, the value of B vitamin supplementation is unknown. A systematic review of the effect of pyridoxine hydrochloride (hereinafter “vitamin B 6 ”), cyanocobalamin or hydroxycobalamin (hereinafter “vitamin B 12 ”), and folic acid supplementation on cognitive function was performed. Methods Literature search conducted in MEDLINE with supplemental articles from reviews and domain experts. We included English language randomized controlled trials of vitamins B 6 and/or B 12 and/or folic acid supplementation with cognitive function outcomes. Results Fourteen trials met our criteria; most were of low quality and limited applicability. Approximately 50 different cognitive function tests were assessed. Three trials of vitamin B 6 and 6 of vitamin B 12 found no effect overall in a variety of doses, routes of administration, and populations. One of 3 trials of folic acid found a benefit in cognitive function in people with cognitive impairment and low baseline serum folate levels. Six trials of combinations of the B vitamins all concluded that the interventions had no effect on cognitive function. Among 3 trials, those in the placebo arm had greater improvements in a small number of cognitive tests than participants receiving either folic acid or combination B-vitamin supplements. The evidence was limited by a sparsity of studies, small sample size, heterogeneity in outcomes, and a lack of studies that evaluated symptoms or clinical outcomes. Conclusion The evidence does not yet provide adequate evidence of an effect of vitamin B 6 or B 12 or folic acid supplementation, alone or in combination, on cognitive function testing in people with either normal or impaired cognitive function.

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/articlepdf/411489/ira60015_21_30.pdf

Vitamin B6, B12, and Folic Acid Supplementation and Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review of Randomized Trials

The clinical potential of modifying what clients say to themselves.

Behavioral treatments for agoraphobia: An evaluative review

Relationship of vitamin B12 and folic acid to memory function.

Faradic disruption of obsessive ideation in the treatment of obsessive neurosis

This study was undertaken to determine whether exogenous RNA or its hydrolyzed components affect learning of an operant response. Three groups of 10 animals each were injected with (a) 160 mg/kg RNA, (b) 160 mg/kg hydrolyzed RNA, and (c) 0.5 cc normal saline respectively. Only whole RNA facilitates acquisition of a bar-pressing response.

/pdf/the-effect-of-rna-on-the-operant-conditioned-behavior-of-2digjdr6fm.pdf

Leslie Solyom

Papers

Relationship of vitamin B12 and folic acid to memory function.

Faradic disruption of obsessive ideation in the treatment of obsessive neurosis

The effect of RNA on the operant conditioned behavior of white rats

Variables in the aversion relief therapy of phobics

The effect of RNA, uric acid and caffein on conditioning and activity in rats ☆