Journal•ISSN: 0033-3131
Psychonomic science
Springer Science+Business Media
About: Psychonomic science is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Recall & Reinforcement. It has an ISSN identifier of 0033-3131. Over the lifetime, 5712 publications have been published receiving 69155 citations.
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TL;DR: An audiovisual stimulus was made contingent upon the rat’s licking at the water spout, thus making it analogous with a gustatory stimulus, which apparently stimuli are selected as cues dependent upon the nature of the subsequent reinforcer.
Abstract: An audiovisual stimulus was made contingent upon the rat’s licking at the water spout, thus making it analogous with a gustatory stimulus. When the audiovisual stimulus and the gustatory stimulus were paired with electric shock the avoidance reactions transferred to the audiovisual stimulus, but not the gustatory stimulus. Conversely, when both stimuli were paired with toxin or x-ray the avoidance reactions transferred to the gustatory stimulus, but not the audiovisual stimulus. Apparently stimuli are selected as cues dependent upon the nature of the subsequent reinforcer.
1,763 citations
TL;DR: Gustatory aversions, induced in rats by conditionally pairing a distinctive flavor with a noxious drug, were readily established even when injections were delayed an hour or more, suggesting a function of the specific effects of the reinforcer on the organism.
Abstract: Gustatory aversions, induced in rats by conditionally pairing a distinctive flavor with a noxious drug, were readily established even when injections were delayed an hour or more. The optimal interstimulus interval and effectiveness of cues for learning appear to be a function of the specific effects of the reinforcer on the organism.
719 citations
TL;DR: The results of the experiment indicate the vast memory for pictures possessed by human beings and emphasize the need to determine mechanisms by which this is accomplished.
Abstract: Ss were shown 2,560 photographic Stimuli for 10 sec each; their recognition memory was then tested, using a two-alternative forced-choice task. Performance exceeded 90%, indicating retention of over 2,000 items, even when up to 3 days elapsed between learning and testing. Variants of the experiment showed that the presentation time could be reduced to 1 sec per picture without seriously affecting performance; also, that the stimuli could be reversed in orientation in the test situation without impairing recognition performance appreciably. The orientation of the stimuli could also be learned, although not as well as the identity of the pictures. These results indicate the vast memory for pictures possessed by human beings and emphasize the need to determine mechanisms by which this is accomplished.
658 citations
TL;DR: A simple reasoning test involving the understanding of sentences of various levels of syntactic complexity is described, which correlates with intelligence and has proved to be sensitive to a number of stresses.
Abstract: A simple reasoning test involving the understanding of sentences of various levels of syntactic complexity is described. It is short, easily administered, and reliable. Performance correlates with intelligence (+.59) and has proved to be sensitive to a number of stresses.
628 citations
TL;DR: A non-parametric method is presented, based upon an ordinal analysis of recognition performance, which transforms the results of recognition tests into equivalent results for a forced-choice experiment.
Abstract: A non-parametric method for evaluating the results of recognition memory experiments and psychophysical detection experiments is presented. The method is based upon an ordinal analysis of recognition performance, which transforms the results of recognition tests into equivalent results for a forced-choice experiment.
491 citations