Preparing the books to read every day is enjoyable for many people. However, there are still many people who also don't like reading. This is a problem. But, when you can support others to start reading, it will be better. One of the books that can be recommended for new readers is experience and education. This book is not kind of difficult book to read. It can be read and understand by the new readers.

Experience and Education.

The neurocognitive effects of alcohol on adolescents and college students.

Promoting recovery in an evolving policy context: What do we know and what do we need to know about recovery support services?

Communicators often seek effective messages for attempting to influence people’s behaviors, such as reducing college students’ drinking. Social cognitive theory suggests that identification with a character or example may increase the likelihood that audiences will model behavior presented in an anti-alcohol message. Exemplars such as those sometimes used in news stories may elicit desirable modeling. The purpose of this experiment was to examine the relationships among social desirability and social orientation, alcohol consumption, perceived similarity of exemplars, and message effectiveness. An experiment exposed 204 university students to magazine messages on tanning in which a demographically similar exemplar’s alcohol consumption and socializing were manipulated. Perceived similarity of exemplars was positively related to message effectiveness. Messages including alcohol consumption and social situations were most effective. Subjects’ drinking and social orientation were positively related to simila...

Perceived Similarity of Exemplar Traits and Behavior Effects on Message Evaluation

Many colleges in the United States are employing social norms marketing campaigns with the goal of reducing college students' alcohol use by correcting misperceptions about their peers' alcohol use. Although the typical message used in these campaigns describes the quantity and frequency of alcohol use by the average student on campus, many students may find such a vague comparison to others to be socially irrelevant. This study compares the relative weight of perceptions about alcohol use by distant versus proximate peers in the prediction of college students' personal drinking behavior. The results of analyzing data collected from a sample of college students at a large public northeastern university (N=276) show that, as hypothesized, perceived alcohol use by proximate peers (best friends and friends) was a stronger predictor of students' personal alcohol use than perceived alcohol use by more distant peers (such as students in general), controlling for other strong predictors of alcohol use by college students (age, gender, race, off-campus residency, and sensation-seeking tendencies). The implications of these findings for the design of more effective social norms messages are discussed.

Social distance, perceived drinking by peers, and alcohol use by college students.

The most recent literature on the prevention of problematic drinking on the college campus includes a growing controversy about approaches to the reduction of college drinking. On the one hand, there is an increasing body of literature reporting success in driving down drinking on college campuses using social norms-based approaches (Haines, 1996; Jeffrey & Negro, 1996; Lederman, Stewart, Barr, Powell, Goodhart, & Laitman, 2000; Perkins & Wechsler, 1996). Advocates of social norms-based approaches claim that students operate under the misperception that everyone on campus drinks excessively (Butler, 1993; Burns, Ballou & Lederman, 1991; Jeffrey & Negro, 1996). Social norms strategies target these misperceptions by providing students with actual norms, reporting that this approach both changes perceptions and drives down actual drinking. On the other hand, some well established researchers report finding increased

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A case against "binge" as the term of choice: convincing college students to personalize messages about dangerous drinking

This article describes the design, implementation, and evaluation of a dangerous drinking prevention campaign on a large university campus. Members of the target audience, first‐year students, are particularly susceptible to misperceptions of drinking norms on campus given their previous experiences and environmental messages communicated to them through the media. Thus, this campaign was designed using the Socially Situated Experiential Learning (SSEL) Model (Lederman & Stewart, 1999) that builds on a framework of interpersonal communication theories, social norms theory, and experiential learning theory. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of a health communication campaign that combines both a traditional media campaign with experiential learning activities conducted by upper‐level students who serve as disseminators of campaign messages as well as role models for the target audience.

Applying communication theories to prevent dangerous drinking among college students: The Ru sure campaign

College drinking has been a concern of college administrators, parents of college-age students and health care professionals for some time. Over the last few years an increasing number of institutions have begun to understand that the problem is complex enough that it warrants attention and that a variety of strategies are necessary to attempt to reduce dangerous drinking and the unwanted attendant consequences (for example, Berkowitz, 2005; Berkowitz & Perkins, 1986; Burns, Ballou & Lederman, 1991; Burns & Goodstadt, 1989; Knight et al., 2000; Lederman & Stewart, 2005; NIAAA, 2002; O'Malley& Johnston, 2002; Perkins, 1997; 2002; 2003; Weschler & Kuo, 2000.). While some institutions have looked for a silver bullet that would serve as a cure all, over time it has become clear that institutions of higher education need to have comprehensive plans designed to address drinking behaviors and provide a continuum of care. The purpose of this article is to describe the Rutgers Program, a comprehensive mod...

The Need for a Continuum of Care: The Rutgers Comprehensive Model

Educators and researchers strive to use terms that reflect a replicable measure of behavior. A term commonly used to describe drinking of a problematic nature is binge drinking. Binge drinking defines behavior by a number of drinks of an alcoholic beverage consumed in a space of time. The authors argue that the term does not describe drinking behavior that students believe is problematic. They claim that students define problem drinking not in terms of quantity, but rather by the outcome (and occasionally by frequency), and attribute different negative connotations to the term binge. They suggest using a term that has shared meaning with students, such as dangerous drinking, to describe the drinking behavior that results in undesirable or unintended consequences.

Binge drinking: not the word of choice.

Since 1983, the focus of the Rutgers Alcohol and Other Drug Assistance Program (ADAP) has been developing policies, training staff to identify students at risk, developing and implementing evidence-based screening and brief interventions, providing short-term counseling by professionals trained in alcohol and other drug abuse to assist students beyond brief interventions, identifying effective treatment for college students, developing a campus recovery program, on-campus recovery housing, and other supports for students in recovery. This article presents a case study of the Rutgers ADAP program, of building and sustaining a program committed to engaging students in both evidence-based risk reduction interventions and an on-campus recovery community given their stage of change and motivation to make changes. Historical milestones are described as part of a creative model for intervention. We identify the challenges of integrating substance abuse recovery into campus mental health programs, and of integrat...

Lisa Laitman

Papers

A case against "binge" as the term of choice: convincing college students to personalize messages about dangerous drinking

Applying communication theories to prevent dangerous drinking among college students: The Ru sure campaign

The Need for a Continuum of Care: The Rutgers Comprehensive Model

Binge drinking: not the word of choice.

Building, Engaging, and Sustaining a Continuum of Care From Harm Reduction to Recovery Support: The Rutgers Alcohol and Other Drug Assistance Program