Appendix I: List of Statistical Fact Sheets. URL: http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=2007

We wish to thank Drs Brian Eigel and Michael Wolz for their valuable comments and contributions. We would like to acknowledge Tim Anderson and Tom Schneider for their editorial contributions and Karen Modesitt for her administrative assistance.

Disclosures 



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# Summary {#article-title-2}

Each year, the American Heart Association, in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies, brings together the most up-to-date statistics on heart disease, stroke, other vascular diseases, and their risk factors and presents them in its Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update. The Statistical Update is a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, healthcare policy makers, media professionals, the lay public, and many others who seek the best national data available on disease …

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2010 Update A Report From the American Heart Association

1. About These Statistics…e70

2. Cardiovascular Diseases…e72

3. Coronary Heart Disease, Acute Coronary Syndrome, and Angina Pectoris…e89

4. Stroke…e99

5. High Blood Pressure…e111

6. Congenital Cardiovascular Defects…e116

7. Heart Failure…e119

8. Other Cardiovascular Diseases…e122 

9. Risk Factor: Smoking/Tobacco Use…e128

10. Risk Factor: High Blood Cholesterol and Other Lipids…e132

11. Risk Factor: Physical Inactivity…e136

12. Risk Factor: Overweight and Obesity…e139

13. Risk Factor: Diabetes Mellitus…e143

14. End-Stage Renal Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease…e149

15. Metabolic Syndrome…e151

16. Nutrition…e153

17. Quality of Care…e155

18. Medical Procedures…e159

19. Economic Cost of Cardiovascular Diseases…e162

20. At-a-Glance Summary Tables…e164 

21. Glossary and Abbreviation Guide…e168
    Writing Group Disclosures…e171



Appendix I: List of Statistical Fact Sheets:

http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=2007

We thank Drs Robert Adams, Philip Gorelick, Matt Wilson, and Philip Wolf (members of the Statistics Committee or Stroke Statistics Subcommittee); Brian Eigel; Gregg Fonarow; Kathy Jenkins; Gail Pearson; and Michael Wolz for their valuable comments and contributions. We would like to acknowledge Tim Anderson and Tom Schneider for their editorial contributions and Karen Modesitt for her administrative assistance.

# 1. About These Statistics {#article-title-2}

The American Heart Association (AHA) works with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics (CDC/NCHS); the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI); the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS); and other government agencies to derive the annual statistics in this Update. This chapter describes the most important sources and the types of data we use from them. For more details and an alphabetical list of abbreviations, see Chapter 21 of this document, the Glossary and Abbreviation Guide.

The surveys used are:

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2007 Update A Report From the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

Rosamond, Paul D. Sorlie, Randall S. Stafford, Tanya N. Turan, Melanie B. Turner, Nathan D. Dariush Mozaffarian, Michael E. Mussolino, Graham Nichol, Nina P. Paynter, Wayne D. Ariane Marelli, David B. Matchar, Mary M. McDermott, James B. Meigs, Claudia S. Moy, Lackland, Judith H. Lichtman, Lynda D. Lisabeth, Diane M. Makuc, Gregory M. Marcus, John A. Heit, P. Michael Ho, Virginia J. Howard, Brett M. Kissela, Steven J. Kittner, Daniel T. Caroline S. Fox, Heather J. Fullerton, Cathleen Gillespie, Kurt J. Greenlund, Susan M. Hailpern, Todd M. Brown, Mercedes R. Carnethon, Shifan Dai, Giovanni de Simone, Earl S. Ford, Véronique L. Roger, Alan S. Go, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Robert J. Adams, Jarett D. Berry, Association 2011 Update : A Report From the American Heart −− Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2011 Update A Report From the American Heart Association

We thank Drs Sean Coady, Eric L. Ding, Brian Eigel, Gregg C. Fonarow, Linda Geiss, Cherie James, Michael Mussolino, and Michael Wolz for their valuable comments and contributions. We acknowledge Tim Anderson and Tom Schneider for their editorial contributions, and Karen Modesitt for her administrative assistance.

Disclosures 

⇓⇓⇓⇓ 

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Writing Group Disclosures 



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Writing Group Disclosures, Continued 



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Writing Group Disclosures, Continued 



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Writing Group Disclosures, Continued 



# Summary {#article-title-2}

Each year, the American Heart Association, in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies, brings together the most up-to-date statistics on heart disease, stroke, other vascular diseases, and their risk factors and presents them in its Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update. The Statistical Update is a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, healthcare policy makers, media professionals, the lay …

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2009 Update

We thank Drs Robert Adams, Gary Friday, Philip Gorelick, and Sylvia Wasserthiel-Smoller, members of Stroke Statistics Subcommittee; Drs Joe Broderick, Brian Eigel, Kimberlee Gauveau, Jane Khoury, Jerry Potts, Jane Newburger, and Kathryn Taubert; and Sean Coady and Michael Wolz for their valuable comments and contributions. We acknowledge Tim Anderson and Tom Schneider for their editorial contributions and Karen Modesitt for her administrative assistance.



View this table:

Writing Group Disclosures 



# Summary {#article-title-2}

Each year the American Heart Association, in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies, brings together the most up-to-date statistics on heart disease, stroke, and their risk factors and presents them in its Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update. The Statistical Update is a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, healthcare policy makers, media, the lay public, and many others who seek the …

/pdf/heart-disease-and-stroke-statistics-2008-update-a-report-2frtbgdeyc.pdf

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2008 Update A Report From the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

Objective. —To develop clinical, demographic, and pathological profiles of young competitive athletes who died suddenly. Design. —Systematic evaluation of clinical information and circumstances associated with sudden deaths; interviews with family members, witnesses, and coaches; and analyses of postmortem anatomic, microscopic, and toxicologic data. Participants and Setting. —A total of 158 sudden deaths that occurred in trained athletes throughout the United States from 1985 through 1995 were analyzed. Main Outcome Measures. —Characteristics and probable cause of death. Results. —Of 158 sudden deaths among athletes, 24 (15%) were explained by noncardiovascular causes. Among the 134 athletes who had cardiovascular causes of sudden death, the median age was 17 years (range, 12-40 years), 120 (90%) were male, 70 (52%) were white, and 59 (44%) were black. The most common competitive sports involved were basketball (47 cases) and football (45 cases), together accounting for 68% of sudden deaths. A total of 121 athletes (90%) collapsed during or immediately after a training session (78 cases) or a formal athletic contest (43 cases), with 80 deaths (63%) occurring between 3PMand 9PM. The most common structural cardiovascular diseases identified at autopsy as the primary cause of death were hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (48 athletes [36%]), which was disproportionately prevalent in black athletes compared with white athletes (48% vs 26% of deaths; P =.01), and malformations involving anomalous coronary artery origin (17 athletes [13%]). Of 115 athletes who had a standard preparticipation medical evaluation, only 4 (3%) were suspected of having cardiovascular disease, and the cardiovascular abnormality responsible for sudden death was correctly identified in only 1 athlete (0.9%). Conclusions. —Sudden death in young competitive athletes usually is precipitated by physical activity and may be due to a heterogeneous spectrum of cardiovascular disease, most commonly hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Preparticipation screening appeared to be of limited value in identification of underlying cardiovascular abnormalities.

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/JAMA/articlepdf/405465/jama_276_3_028.pdf

Sudden death in young competitive athletes. Clinical, demographic, and pathological profiles.

ContextHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) has been regarded as
a disease that causes substantial disability, with annual mortality
rates of up to 6%, based largely on reports from tertiary referral
centers.ObjectiveTo assess the clinical course of HCM in a patient cohort
more closely resembling the true disease state.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingA regional cohort from Minnesota and adjoining regions,
free of referral center bias, studied at Minneapolis Heart Institute.PatientsTwo hundred seventy-seven consecutively studied HCM
patients, none referred for specialized HCM care, managed clinically in
a standard fashion.Main Outcome MeasuresMortality and clinical course of HCM.ResultsDuring a mean (SD) follow-up of 8.1 (6.6) years, 45
patients died and 29 of these deaths were directly related to HCM;
however, 8 of the 29 HCM deaths were not premature (occurring >75
years of age). Annual HCM mortality rate was 1.3% (0.7% for sudden
cardiac death). Patients identified in adulthood
(n=234) showed no statistically significant difference
in mortality when compared with expected mortality, as calculated for
the general US or Minnesota populations
(P=.17). Patients identified as children
(n=43) showed decreased survival compared with the
general population (P<.001). At most recent clinical
evaluation, 192 patients (69%) had no or mild symptoms and 69 (25%)
experienced incapacitating symptoms or HCM-related death; 53 (19%) of
the patients had achieved estimated life expectancy of 75 years or
older. More advanced symptoms at diagnosis—occurrence of atrial
fibrillation (often associated with stroke), the presence of basal
outflow obstruction of at least 30 mm Hg, and marked left ventricular
wall thickness of more than 25 mm—were clinically important
independent predictors of HCM mortality.ConclusionsIn a regionally selected patient population most
closely resembling the true disease state, HCM did not significantly
increase the risk of premature death or adversely affect overall life
expectancy. Prevailing misconceptions of HCM as a generally unfavorable
condition may largely be related to the skewed patient referral
patterns characteristic of tertiary care centers. Hypertrophic
cardiomyopathy is nevertheless a highly complex disease capable of
serious clinical consequences and premature death in some
patients.

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/articlepdf/188775/JCC80010.pdf

Clinical Course of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in a Regional United States Cohort

Background Sudden death from cardiac arrest in a young person may occur during sports play after a blunt blow to the chest in the absence of structural cardiovascular disease or traumatic injury (cardiac concussion or commotio cordis). We studied the clinical features of this apparently uncommon but important phenomenon. Methods We identified cases from the registries of relevant agencies and organizations, as well as news-media accounts, and developed a clinical profile of 25 children and young adults, 3 to 19 years of age. Results Each victim collapsed with cardiac arrest immediately after an unexpected blow to the chest, which was usually inflicted by a projectile (such as a baseball or hockey puck). Incidents took place during organized competitive sports in 16 cases and in recreational settings at home, at school, or on the playground in 9. In each instance, the impact to the chest was not judged to be extraordinary for the sport involved and did not appear to have sufficient force to cause death. Tw...

/pdf/blunt-impact-to-the-chest-leading-to-sudden-death-from-4a8cjoz3cy.pdf

Blunt impact to the chest leading to sudden death from cardiac arrest during sports activities.

Risk for sudden cardiac death associated with marathon running

https://www.onlinejacc.org/content/accj/33/6/1590.full.pdf

Liviu C. Poliac

Papers

Sudden death in young competitive athletes. Clinical, demographic, and pathological profiles.

Clinical Course of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in a Regional United States Cohort

Blunt impact to the chest leading to sudden death from cardiac arrest during sports activities.

Risk for sudden cardiac death associated with marathon running

Clinical profile of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy identified de novo in rural communities