There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

Nature And Properties Of Soils

What makes a leader

A 21st century technique for food control: Electronic noses

A comparative study to determine the degree and direction of linear association (Y = a + mX) among yield and yield components of two cultivars of cabbage, namely Fieldwinner and KK Cross, showed high positive linear correlation between plant weight and head width (r = 0.84 for ‘Fieldwinner' and 0.90 for KK Cross; P 0.05) in cv. KK Cross. In both cultivars, however, head shape index increased with an increase in all the other parameters. Head width, head length, non-wrapper leaf weight, head weight and yield showed positive correlation in cv. KK Cross. Head yield was not significantly (P > 0.05) different between the two cultivars. Cultivar Fieldwinner produced elongated head, which were comparatively lower in weight. Ghana Journal of Science Vol. 44, 2004: 3-9

Correlation studies on yield and yield components of two cultivars of cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var. Capitata L.)

Effect of poultry manure and post-production application of fungicide on the shelf-life of onion cv. Bawku Red.

Lipid and protein-based delivery systems have long been used to deliver active compounds such as drugs, genes, and nutraceuticals. These delivery systems are fabricated to overcome issues of pure active compounds, which include rapid release and metabolism, poor solubility, low stability, poor bioavailability, poor bioaccessibility, and toxicity. However, there are limitations of lipids and proteins that restrict their efficient use in the delivery systems. Lipid-protein conjugation is an emerging technique for fabricating novel delivery systems that provide the advantages of having both proteins and lipids in one delivery system. In addition, these conjugates have a much better synergistic effect and desirable properties inside the body than single carriers. Among them, colloidal and biological stability, enhanced mechanical strength, controlled release, higher circulation time, targeted delivery, less cytotoxicity, higher loading capacity, co-encapsulation, and enhanced bioavailability are key outcomes. Despite recent technological advancement, there are still drawbacks to lipid-protein conjugate-based delivery systems that should be addressed in future research studies. This review is focused on critically evaluating the importance of lipid and protein as delivery systems, benefits of lipid-protein conjugation, conjugation methods, various applications of lipid-protein conjugation in drugs, genes, and nutraceutical delivery, and identifying research challenges and future research directions. 

Recent advances in lipid-protein conjugate-based delivery systems in nutraceutical, drug, and gene delivery

SummaryThe study investigated the response of shallots to different levels of defoliation at different growth stages. The effect of cutting off 50%, 75%, and 100% of leaves of four, six, and eight week old shallot plants was assessed. Defoliation at an early stage of growth, i.e. three-leaf stage imposed stressful conditions, and initially reduced growth rate. Whilst lateral bud numbers increased with the severity of defoliation in four week old shallots, lateral shoots and bulb number decreased. There was significant delay in maturity and a reduction in bulb size and weight in shallots defoliated at six weeks. Six weeks old shallots defoliated at 100% recorded the lowest sucrose content of 6%. Numbers of fresh bulb scales was significantly decreased with increasing defoliation and growth. The effect of defoliation on growth, yield and quality depended on the growth stage of the crop. However, 50% defoliation at all growth stages gave appreciable yield and bulb quality compared with the undefoliated contr...

Susceptibility of shallots to the timing and severity of leaf damage

Genotype, sulphur (S) nutrition and soil-type effects on spring onion quality were assessed using a 32-conducting polymer sensor E-nose. Relative changes in sensor resistance ratio (% dR/R) varied among eight spring onion genotypes. The % dR/R was reduced by S application in four of the eight genotypes. For the other four genotypes, S application gave no change in % dR/R in three, and increased % dR/R in the other. E-nose classification of headspace volatiles by a two-dimensional principal component analysis (PCA) plot for spring onion genotypes differed for S fertilisation vs. no S fertilisation. Headspace volatiles data set clusters for cv. 'White Lisbon' grown on clay or on sandy loam overlapped when 2.9 [Mahalanobis distance value (D2) = 1.6], or 5.8-(D2 = 0.3) kg S ha-1 was added. In contrast, clear separation (D2 = 7.5) was recorded for headspace volatile clusters for 0 kg S hd-1 on clay vs. sandy loam. Addition of 5.8 kg S ha-1 increased pyruvic acid content (mmole g-1 fresh weight) by 1.7-fold on average across the eight genotypes. However, increased S from 2.9 to 5.8 kg ha-1 did not significantly (P > 0.05) influence % dR/R, % dry matter (DM) or total soluble solids (TSS) contents, but significantly (P < 0.05) increased pyruvic acid content. TSS was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced by S addition, while % DM was unaffected. In conclusion, the 32-conducting polymer E-nose discerned differences in spring onion quality that were attributable to genotype and to variations in growing conditions as shown by the significant (P < 0.05) interaction effects for % dR/R.

Lord Abbey

Papers

Correlation studies on yield and yield components of two cultivars of cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var. Capitata L.)

Effect of poultry manure and post-production application of fungicide on the shelf-life of onion cv. Bawku Red.

Recent advances in lipid-protein conjugate-based delivery systems in nutraceutical, drug, and gene delivery

Susceptibility of shallots to the timing and severity of leaf damage

Evaluation of eight spring onion genotypes, sulphur nutrition and soil-type effects with an electronic nose