The effect of natural ventilation strategy on indoor air quality in schools

Our paper evaluates the relationship between energy efficiency (which is the key issue of European climate policy), consumption of the natural gas, and economic development in the European Union. We employ the panel time series data from 1997 to 2011 that covers 26 EU Member States (represented by the countries of the Eurozone). We build and test a multivariate model originating from in the neoclassical growth model and amended to include gross fixed capital and total labour as our explanatory variables. We use the panel cointegration tests and error correction modelling for determining whether there exists a long-term causality between economic growth and natural gas consumption in the EU. Moreover, we aim to derive the existence of the two-way causality between natural gas consumption and economic growth in the EU Member States. Our results show that the relationship between economic development and the consumption of the natural gas is positive, while the relationship between the consumption of the natural gas and economic development in the EU appears to be negative. Our findings might be relevant for formulating the policy framework targeting and increasing energy intensity and efficiency.

Energy efficiency and natural gas consumption in the context of economic development in the European Union

An overview of energy retrofit actions feasibility on Italian historical buildings

Energy and economic analysis and feasibility of retrofit actions in Italian residential historical buildings

Long term experimental evaluation of the influence of heat cost allocators on energy consumption in a multifamily building

Heat accounting in historical buildings

Uncertainty analysis of energy measurements in natural gas transmission networks

Experimental comparison of residential heat accounting systems at critical conditions

The Energy Efficiency Directive 2012/27/EU (EED) requires that final users in multi-apartment buildings supplied by common central heating source should be provided by 31 December 2016 with accounting systems, as long as technical feasibility and reasonable costs in relation to the potential energy savings can be demonstrated. Such systems would reflect users actual thermal energy consumption. The typical configuration of Italian multi-apartment buildings implies quite expensive installation costs and sometimes even prevents the installation for technical reasons. Coherently with EED, in such cases alternative cost-efficient methods for heat accounting should be adopted, such as indirect methods. This study assesses the economic and technical feasibility of the most common heat accounting systems. In this paper, after a brief analysis of the different approaches adopted in EU member states, the authors present a cost/benefit analysis that considers the main capital and running costs of individual heat accounting systems with respect to the potential energy savings achievable. Keywords: energy efficiency, heat accounting, cost efficiency. JEL Classifications: O31, O33

Economic and Technical Feasibility of Metering and Sub-metering Systems for Heat Accounting

Experimental evaluation of thermal mass smart meters influence factors

Luca Celenza

Papers

Heat accounting in historical buildings

Uncertainty analysis of energy measurements in natural gas transmission networks

Experimental comparison of residential heat accounting systems at critical conditions

Economic and Technical Feasibility of Metering and Sub-metering Systems for Heat Accounting

Experimental evaluation of thermal mass smart meters influence factors