Showing papers by "Luciano Quaranta published in 2015"
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to critically summarize the current evidence about the effect of citicoline in glaucoma and propose neuroprotection as a valid therapeutic option for patients progressing despite a well-controlled intraocular pressure.
Abstract: Cytidine 5′-diphosphocholine or citicoline is an endogenous compound that acts in the biosynthetic pathway of phospholipids of cell membranes, particularly phosphatidylcholine, and it is able to increase neurotrasmitters levels in the central nervous system. Citicoline has shown positive effects in Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease, as well as in amblyopia. Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease currently considered a disease involving ocular and visual brain structures. Neuroprotection has been proposed as a valid therapeutic option for those patients progressing despite a well-controlled intraocular pressure, the main risk factor for the progression of the disease. The aim of this review is to critically summarize the current evidence about the effect of citicoline in glaucoma.
39 citations
TL;DR: Low rates of topical and systemic adverse reactions, strong ocular hypotensive efficacy, and once-a-day dosing make travoprost a first-line treatment for patients affected with elevated IOP.
Abstract: Travoprost is a prostaglandin analogue widely used for reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients affected with glaucoma and ocular hypertension. It exerts its ocular hypotensive effect through the prostaglandin FP receptors, located in the ciliary muscle and the trabecular meshwork. Several studies have shown that topical administration of travoprost induces a mean IOP reduction ranging from 25% to 32%, and sustained throughout the 24-hour cycle. When compared with timolol, travoprost is more effective at reducing IOP, while generally no difference has been found in the head-to-head comparison with other prostaglandin analogues. The fixed combination of travoprost and timolol has demonstrated a hypotensive efficacy comparable to the concomitant administration of the two drugs. Recently, a new preservative-free formulation of travoprost 0.004% has been marketed for reducing tolerability-related problems in subjects affected with ocular surface disease. Low rates of topical and systemic adverse reactions, strong ocular hypotensive efficacy, and once-a-day dosing make travoprost a first-line treatment for patients affected with elevated IOP.
22 citations
TL;DR: Pupil dilation doesn’t affect SD-OCT measurements and their quality score and no statistically significant differences were found between pre- and post-dilation measurements in both groups.
Abstract: Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) provides fast scan speed and high scan resolution improving its diagnostic accuracy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if SD-OCT measurements and their quality score are influenced by pupil dilation. Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL), ganglion cell complex (GCC) and optic nerve head (ONH) were measured in one eye of 57 glaucoma patients and 36 healthy subjects using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) before and after pupil dilation. Comparisons were made between measurements and their quality score pre- and post dilation (Signal Strength Index, SSI). Overall RNFL, average GCC and ONH rim volume were considered in the analysis. No statistically significant differences were found between pre- and post-dilation measurements in both groups (glaucoma: RNFL 80 ± 15 μm vs 80 ± 16 μm, p = 0.87; GCC 81.35 ± 13.4 μm vs 81.10 ± 13.14 μm, p = 0.92; ONH 0.05 ± 0.11 mm3 vs 0.04 ± 0.07 mm3, p = 0.74; controls RNFL 99 ± 12 μm vs 98 ± 14 μm, p = 0.70; GCC 92.12 ± 6.7 μm vs 91.54 ± 7.05 μm, p = 0.72; ONH 0.11 ± 0.1 mm3 vs 0.04 ± 0.07 mm3, p = 0.36) nor between pre- and post-dilation quality score (glaucoma SSI RNFL 54.3 ± 10.3 vs 51.7 ± 18.1, p = 0.12; SSI GCC 58 ± 9.5 vs 57 ± 8.09, p = 0.55; SSI ONH 48.5 ± 7.6 vs 46.6 ± 7.2, p = 0.16; controls SSI RNFL 57 ± 10.3 vs 54 ± 9.31, p = 0.2; SSI GCC 60.9 ± 8.1 vs 58.8 ± 7.3, p = 0.3; SSI ONH 51.5 ± 8.9 vs 50.4 ± 8.3, p = 0.59). Pupil dilation doesn’t affect SD-OCT measurements and their quality score.
20 citations
TL;DR: This review chapter deals first with the concept and value of diurnal and 24-h pressure monitoring, then evaluates existing evidence on the 24-H efficacy of medical therapy options and concludes that significant gaps exist in the present understanding of the short-term and particularly the long-term 24-gaucoma medications.
Abstract: Current medical therapy of glaucoma aims to attain a meaningful and consistent reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) to a predetermined level of target IOP, which will commensurate with either stability, or delayed progression of visual loss. Glaucoma is a 24-h disease and the damaging effect of elevated IOP is continuous. Therefore, it is reasonable that we should endeavor to identify the true efficacy of currently available and future antiglaucoma medications throughout the 24-h period. This review chapter deals first with the concept and value of diurnal and 24-h pressure monitoring. It then evaluates existing evidence on the 24-h efficacy of medical therapy options. Unfortunately, significant gaps exist in our present understanding of the short-term and particularly the long-term 24-h efficacy of most antiglaucoma medications. More long-term controlled evidence is needed in the future to improve our understanding of the 24-h efficacy of current medical glaucoma therapy, the ideal 24-h target pressure and the precise impact of IOP characteristics upon the different stages of the various forms of glaucoma.
19 citations