Much effort goes into building markets as a tool for economic and social development, often overlooking that in too many places social exclusion and poverty prevent many, especially women, from participating in and accessing markets. Building on data from rural Bangladesh and analyzing the work of a prominent intermediary organization, we uncover institutional voids as the source of market exclusion and identify two sets of activities – redefining market architecture and legitimating new actors – as critical for building ‘inclusive' markets. We expose voids as ‘analytical spaces' and illustrate how they result from conflict and contradiction among institutional ‘bits and pieces' from local political, community, and religious spheres. Our findings put forward a perspective on market building that highlights the ‘on the ground' dynamics and attends to the ‘institutions at play', to their consequences, and to a more diverse set of ‘inhabitants' of institutions.

Building Inclusive Markets in Rural Bangladesh : How Intermediaries Work Institutional Voids

The eclectic paradigm as an envelope for economic and business theories of MNE activity

Lal Jayawardena: Preface Stephen A. Marglin: Lessons of the golden age: an overview Andrew Glyn, Alan Hughes, Alan Lipietz, & Ajit Singh: The rise and fall of the golden age Gerald Epstein, & Juliet Schor: Macropolicy in the rise and fall of the golden age Stephen A. Marglin & Amit Bhaduri: Profit squeeze and Keynesian theory Samuel Bowles, & Robert Boyer: A wage-led employment regime: income distribution, labour discipline, and aggregate demand in welfare capitalism Bob Rowthorn, & Andrew Glyn: The diversity of unemployment experience since 1973 Masahiko Aoki: A new paradigm of work organization and co-ordination: lessons from Japanese experience.

The golden age of capitalism : reinterpreting the postwar experience

Doing research in business and management: An essential guide to planning your project, by Mark Saunders and Philip Lewis, Harlow, Pearson Education Limited, 2012, 233 pp., £26.99 (paperback), ISBN...

Doing research in business and management: An essential guide to planning your project

El profesor emerito en investigacion cualitativa Irving Seidman, nos proporciona en esta obra un compendio de aspectos que se deben considerar, a la hora de realizar un optimo proceso de investigacion.

/pdf/seidman-i-2013-interviewing-as-qualitative-research-a-guide-txt4m7r9om.pdf

Seidman, I. (2013). Interviewing as qualitative research: A guide for researchers in education & the social sciences. New York: Teachers College.

Following a period of some distancing through the 1980s and 1990s, Brazil has made a concerted effort to engage with Africa. Today, under the leadership of President Lula, Africa is clearly a priority, especially as Brazil emerges as a global economic power and leader of the developing South. Yet, relatively little is written of Brazil's engagement with Africa and the rationale behind the political and economic drive toward the continent. What is clear is that Brazil's engagement with Africa, viewed in the historical context, maintains its underlying foreign policy principles of economic development on the one hand and the preservation of autonomy in an asymmetric world on the other. Brazil's engagement with Africa has taken on a three-pronged approach of political diplomacy, commercial engagement and development co-operation. This is indicative of a new era of Brazilian foreign policy and Brazil's process of internationalisation in general. This is a complex and inter-related process that Brazil seems to...

/pdf/understanding-brazil-s-new-drive-for-africa-4vx0ptbw2l.pdf

Understanding Brazil's new drive for Africa

Africa's economic rise and growing prosperity over the past decade has attracted the attention of investors, development agencies and governments from across the globe. Brazil has joined this charge of established and emerging powers in Africa. Recent activities across the continent and the development of certain bilateral agreements suggest an alternative approach from other emerging powers in Africa, underpinned by development cooperation between Brazilian and African partners in key sectors. The ‘Brazilian way’, building on its positive image in Africa – primarily through development cooperation – while accumulating core commercial and strategic assets, appears to be aiming at sustainable engagement with long-term objectives. The explicit role of business in Brazil's development agenda in Africa sets it apart from traditional European and US counterparts, which have typically relied on donor-led aid and development. However, criticism has also crept in around Brazil's general reluctance to use its infl...

https://ccs.ukzn.ac.za/files/Emerging%20powers%20in%20Africa%20-%20is%20Brazil%20any%20different.pdf

Emerging powers in Africa: Is Brazil any different?

1. The Changing Dynamics of International Business in Africa: Emerging Trends and Key Issues Ifedapo Adeleye, Lyal White, Kevin Ibeh and Abel Kinoti PART I: INWARD FDI TO AFRICA: EMERGING PATTERNS, CHALLENGES AND RESEARCH AGENDA 2. An Empirical Analysis of the Effects of FDI on Domestic Investment in Sub-Saharan Africa: Pre- and Post- Global Financial Crises Theresa Onaji-Benson 3. Knowledge Transfer Through Expatriation How Do Subsidiary Employees Count? Yetunde Anibaba 4. Chinese Investment in Africa: Avenues for Scholarship Lite Nartey and Stephen Mezias 5. Brazilian Firms in Africa: What Makes Them Different? Any Freitas and Lyal White PART II: OUTWARD FDI FROM AND INTRA-REGIONAL FDI IN AFRICA: EMERGING TRENDS, PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES 6. Patterns and Determinants of Intra-African FDI Robert Rolfe, Alessandro Perri, and Douglas Woodward 7. Rising Africa and Its Nascent Multinational Corporations Kevin Ibeh 8. Failure of Africa-to-Africa Internationalization: Key Factors and Lessons Olawale Ajai PART III: CASES ON THE DYNAMICS OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS IN AFRICA 9. Tata: An Indian Multinational's Africa Journey Lyal White, Dianna Games, and David Cooper 10. Vale in Mozambique Lyal White, Margie Sutherland, and Stewart Nupen 11. Research in Motion/Blackberry: Managing Channel Conflict in Nigeria Uchenna Uzo 12. Standard Bank: An African Tiger Robert Grosse 13. Game: Competing in Africa's Playing Field John Luiz, Stephanie Townsend, and Claire Beswick 14. FirstBank of Nigeria: Developing an Internationalization Strategy Ifedapo Adeleye, Nkemdilim Iheanachor, Chris Ogbechie, and Franklin Ngwu

The changing dynamics of international business in Africa

In recent times, Africa has witnessed a significant rise in Africa-to-Africa internationalization, the process by which African firms expand their operations on the continent outside their home country. While much attention in the international business literature has focused on the rise of foreign direct investment (FDI) from BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India and China) into Africa, the literature on intra-African and outward FDI from the region is scant. This is surprising, given the marked increase in the internationalization activities of African firms in the last decade or so: South African multinationals such as MTN, SABMiller, Standard Bank, Telkom, Dimension Data, Massmart, Nampak and ShopRite now have a presence in at least a dozen African countries, as do Nigerian firms such as Dangote and UBA. Similarly, Togo-based Ecobank has established a significant footprint across the region, with operations in 33 countries. This chapter provides an overview of the recent trend in the internationalization efforts of African firms, factors influencing their internationalization efforts, challenges faced, and potential outcomes of Africa-to-Africa internationalization.

Africa-to-Africa Internationalization: Emerging Trends and Key Issues

South Atlantic relations, under the leadership of Brazil and South Africa, have recently received a fresh breath of life. This article provides a general overview of developments and assesses aspects such as preferential trade agreements, multilateral coalition building and security cooperation in the context of South–South relations. The renewed impetus has resulted in improved influence and leverage from less developed Southern countries over the global political and economic agenda. New initiatives that have helped place the leaders of the South at the centre of the decision‐making process have emerged and are widely regarded as viable options for future progress in the developing world. These initiatives, which are driven by the growing strength of South Atlantic relations, are looked at in the broader context, from a practical perspective where tangible results are required over and above the ideals of solidarity to ensure sustainable socioeconomic development.

Lyal White

Papers

Understanding Brazil's new drive for Africa

Emerging powers in Africa: Is Brazil any different?

The changing dynamics of international business in Africa

Africa-to-Africa Internationalization: Emerging Trends and Key Issues

South Atlantic relations: from bilateral trade relations to multilateral coalition building