Standard methods for the analysis of oils, fats and derivatives. 7th Revised and enlarged edition. Oxford, London, Edinburgh, Boston, Palo Alto, Melbourne: Blackwell Scientific Publication, 1987. 347 pp. 55 Ł, ISBN 0-632-01586-1

Context: Cancer generally is considered as a neoplastic disease with particular causative and etiologic factors as well as protective elements. Although it has remained difficult to treat, it is preventable. Recently, the interest in dietary phytochemicals intake has considerably increased for potential cancer chemoprevention. Evidence Acquisition: This report reviews the role of phytochemical consumption in cancer prevention based on publications from PubMed, Science direct, Google Scholar, and Scopus from the year 1996 onward using cancer, chemoprevention, phytochemical keywords. Results: Regular intake of phytochemicals has been demonstrated to prevent cancer during its different stages including initiation, promotion and progression. Considering the animal models, the second step is the main stage for cancer chemoprevention. Conclusions: The phytochemicals involved in chemoprevention can be categorized in different groups naming phenolics, carotenoid, alkaloids, organosulfur compounds and nitrogen-containing compounds. They are able to stop, postpone and reverse carcinogenesis by different mechanisms.

Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention: A Review of the Evidence

Mechanical and tribological properties of AA7075-T6 metal matrix composite reinforced with ceramic particles and aloevera ash via Friction stir processing

Clerodendrum viscosum: traditional uses, pharmacological activities and phytochemical constituents

Objectives: To study cell cycle delay and metaphase arresting activity of leaf aqueous extract of Clerodendrum viscosum Vent. (LAECV) in root apical meristems and mouse bone marrow cells. Materials and methods: Cell cycle delay and metaphase arresting activities of LAECV were analysed, in root apical meristems of onion and wheat, and in mouse bone marrow cells, by scoring mitotic index, metaphase frequency and transition of cells from metaphase to anaphase. Colchicine was used as the standard metaphase arresting drug. Phytochemicals present in LAECV were detected and their phytotoxic activity was evaluated by analysing green-gram (Vigna radiata) seedling’s root growth retardation and branch root swelling phenomenon. Results: LAECV treatment resulted in dose-dependent root growth retardation of green-gram seedling root length (P < 0.01) and half maximal growth inhibitory concentration (IC50) of LAECV was 0.87 mg/ml at 144 h. In onion and wheat root meristem cells the mitotic index decreased, metaphase frequency increased and transition from metaphase to anaphase reduced. Experimentation with mouse bone marrow cells indicated that LAECV induced metaphase arrest (164.3% increase in arrested metaphases per 300 mg/kg body weight, over 2.5 h). Phytochemicals like carbohydrates, glycosides, saponins, terpenoids, triterpenoids, tannins and trace amounts of alkaloids were detected in LAECV. Conclusion: It may be said that LAECV contains mitostatic and metaphase arresting components that are able to induce significant metaphase arrest in root apical meristems and also in mouse bone marrow cells.

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Metaphase arrest and delay in cell cycle kinetics of root apical meristems and mouse bone marrow cells treated with leaf aqueous extract of Clerodendrum viscosum Vent.

Seed extracts of medicinal plants Leea macrophylla were investigated for phytochemical as well as antibacterial screening. Phytochemical studies of the plant extracts revealed the presence of phenolic, saponin, glycosides, carbohydrate and protein types of compounds. The antibacterial effects of the plant extracts were also tested against several human multi-drug resistant pathogens, including one gram positive and three gram negative bacterial species and one fungal species using the disc-diffusion assay. All the plant extracts showed potent anti-microbial effects against gram positive micro-organism (inhibition zone 7-19 mm) whereas none of the extracts produced any potent anti-microbial effects against gram negative bacteria. Furthermore, it has been shown that the extracts exhibit antifungal activities against candida albicans except the extract n-hexane. Keywords: Leea macrophylla ; Phytochemical screening; Anti-microbial activity. © 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i2.13213 J. Sci. Res. 5 (2), 399-405 (2013)

/pdf/phytochemical-screening-and-anti-microbial-activity-studies-4f42dre7av.pdf

Phytochemical Screening and Anti-microbial Activity Studies on Leea macrophylla Seed Extracts

Attempts were made to investigate different phytochemicals (secondary metabolites) of Clerodendron viscosum leaves extracts with different solvents e.g. petroleum ether (40-60° C), ethyl acetate and chloroform. The extracts were found to contain alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins and steroids. The extracts were then subjected to bioactivity against some stored grain insect such as Tribolium castaneus , Sitophiulus oryzae , Rhizopertha dominica using the method of residual film technique. Among the extracts, the petroleum ether extract showed higher toxicity against Sitophiulus oryzae and Rhizopertha dominica but moderate toxicity against Tribolium castaneus. The ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts showed moderate toxicity against Sitophiulus oryzae . The effectiveness of the order of toxicity of the extracts was found to vary with different intervals of treatments (24, 48 and 72 hours). Key words : Clerodendron viscosum ; Phyto-chemical; Bioactivity; Stored grain insect; Probit mortality DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v45i4.7385 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(4) , 381-386, 2010

Screening of phytochemical and biological potential of Clerodendron viscosum leaves extracts.

Scientific investigations on Aloe vera have gained more attention over the last several decades due to its reputable medicinal properties. Aloe vera has a long history as a medicinal plant with diverse therapeutic applications. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the amount of dietary inclusion of Aloe vera leaves. Many of the health benefits associated with Aloe vera have been attributed due to the presence of protein, carbohydrate, fat etc. in the gel of the leaves. Proximate analysis of the leaves revealed fat, 1.83%; protein, 10.50%; ash, 19.50%; carbohydrate, 56.27%; phosphorous, 1.90 mg/g and energy, 290.08 kcal.

/pdf/proximate-analysis-of-aloe-vara-leaves-3b2g18vptb.pdf

Proximate Analysis of Aloe vara Leaves

Present study deals with investigation of mineral composition of the freshwater crab Paratelphusa lamellifrons from the river Padma near Rajshahi city of Bangladesh. Amount of mineral in the different body parts were found to be in the range between (6.63-7729.15) mg/kg. Mineral components like K, Ca, Fe, Cu and P among the different body parts of the freshwater crab were recorded in the ranges of (1037.03-1192.79) mg/kg, (5385.87-5640.81) mg/kg, (423.22-487.03) mg/kg, (6.63-64.78) mg/kg and (6539.21-7729.15) mg/kg respectively. From the present study it is evident that the different body parts contents higher amount of P, Ca and K than Fe and Cu. Among the different body parts of crab presence of minerals in cephalothorax were found to higher compared to cheliped and legs.

https://www.fisheriesjournal.com/archives/2016/vol4issue6/PartD/4-6-10-353.pdf

Investigation on mineral composition of freshwater crab (Paratelphusa lamellifrons) of Padma River near Rajshahi City, Bangladesh

http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844022029553/pdf

M. A. Jalil

Papers

Phytochemical Screening and Anti-microbial Activity Studies on Leea macrophylla Seed Extracts

Screening of phytochemical and biological potential of Clerodendron viscosum leaves extracts.

Proximate Analysis of Aloe vara Leaves

Investigation on mineral composition of freshwater crab (Paratelphusa lamellifrons) of Padma River near Rajshahi City, Bangladesh

A low-density cellulose rich new natural fiber extracted from the bark of jack tree branches and its characterizations