http://www.meas.ncsu.edu/aqforecasting/publications/Zhang_AQF_partI.proof.pdf

Real-time air quality forecasting, part I: History, techniques, and current status

. Data assimilation is used in atmospheric chemistry models to improve air quality forecasts, construct re-analyses of three-dimensional chemical (including aerosol) concentrations and perform inverse modeling of input variables or model parameters (e.g., emissions). Coupled chemistry meteorology models (CCMM) are atmospheric chemistry models that simulate meteorological processes and chemical transformations jointly. They offer the possibility to assimilate both meteorological and chemical data; however, because CCMM are fairly recent, data assimilation in CCMM has been limited to date. We review here the current status of data assimilation in atmospheric chemistry models with a particular focus on future prospects for data assimilation in CCMM. We first review the methods available for data assimilation in atmospheric models, including variational methods, ensemble Kalman filters, and hybrid methods. Next, we review past applications that have included chemical data assimilation in chemical transport models (CTM) and in CCMM. Observational data sets available for chemical data assimilation are described, including surface data, surface-based remote sensing, airborne data, and satellite data. Several case studies of chemical data assimilation in CCMM are presented to highlight the benefits obtained by assimilating chemical data in CCMM. A case study of data assimilation to constrain emissions is also presented. There are few examples to date of joint meteorological and chemical data assimilation in CCMM and potential difficulties associated with data assimilation in CCMM are discussed. As the number of variables being assimilated increases, it is essential to characterize correctly the errors; in particular, the specification of error cross-correlations may be problematic. In some cases, offline diagnostics are necessary to ensure that data assimilation can truly improve model performance. However, the main challenge is likely to be the paucity of chemical data available for assimilation in CCMM.

https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/15/5325/2015/acp-15-5325-2015.pdf

Data assimilation in atmospheric chemistry models: current status and future prospects for coupled chemistry meteorology models

https://www.meas.ncsu.edu/aqforecasting/publications/AE_AQF_review_part2_published.pdf

Real-time air quality forecasting, part II: State of the science, current research needs, and future prospects

https://hal-ineris.archives-ouvertes.fr/ineris-00963371/document

Operational model evaluation for particulate matter in Europe and North America in the context of AQMEII

https://bib.irb.hr/datoteka/569807.1-s2.0-S1352231012000064-main.pdf

Model evaluation and ensemble modelling of surface-level ozone in Europe and North America in the context of AQMEII

Polyphemus is an air quality modeling platform which aims at covering the scope and the abilities of modern air quality systems. It deals with applications from local scale to continental scale, using two Gaussian models and two Eulerian models. It manages passive tracers, radioactive decay, photochemistry and aerosol dynamics. The structure of the system includes four independent levels with data management, physical parameterizations, numerical solvers and high-level methods such as data assimilation. This enables sensitivity and uncertainty analysis, primarily through multimodel approaches. On top of the models, drivers implement advanced methods such as model coupling or data assimilation.

/pdf/technical-note-the-air-quality-modeling-system-polyphemus-1h8utq6lc4.pdf

M. Ahmed de Biasi

Papers

Technical Note: The air quality modeling system Polyphemus