International Journal of Computer and Applications

This document provides updates to IEEE Std 802.16's MIB for the MAC, PHY and asso- ciated management procedures in order to accommodate recent extensions to the standard.

IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems Draft Amendment: Management Information Base Extensions

Advances in wireless communication technologies, such as wearable and implantable biosensors, along with recent developments in the embedded computing area are enabling the design, development, and implementation of body area networks. This class of networks is paving the way for the deployment of innovative healthcare monitoring applications. In the past few years, much of the research in the area of body area networks has focused on issues related to wireless sensor designs, sensor miniaturization, low-power sensor circuitry, signal processing, and communications protocols. In this paper, we present an overview of body area networks, and a discussion of BAN communications types and their related issues. We provide a detailed investigation of sensor devices, physical layer, data link layer, and radio technology aspects of BAN research. We also present a taxonomy of BAN projects that have been introduced/proposed to date. Finally, we highlight some of the design challenges and open issues that still need to be addressed to make BANs truly ubiquitous for a wide range of applications.

Body Area Networks: A Survey

The problem of idle listening is one of the most significant sources of energy consumption in wireless sensor nodes, and many techniques have been proposed based on duty cycling to reduce this cost. In this paper, we present a new asynchronous duty cycle MAC protocol, called Receiver-Initiated MAC (RI-MAC), that uses receiver-initiated data transmission in order to efficiently and effectively operate over a wide range of traffic loads. RI-MAC attempts to minimize the time a sender and its intended receiver occupy the wireless medium to find a rendezvous time for exchanging data, while still decoupling the sender and receiver's duty cycle schedules. We show the performance of RI-MAC through detailed ns-2 simulation and through measurements of an implementation in TinyOS in a testbed of MICAz motes. Compared to the prior asynchronous duty cycling approach of X-MAC, RI-MAC achieves higher throughput, packet delivery ratio, and power efficiency under a wide range of traffic loads. Especially when there are contending flows, such as bursty traffic or transmissions from hidden nodes, RI-MAC significantly improves throughput and packet delivery ratio. Even under light traffic load for which X-MAC is optimized, RI-MAC achieves the same high performance in terms of packet delivery ratio and latency while maintaining comparable power efficiency.

/pdf/ri-mac-a-receiver-initiated-asynchronous-duty-cycle-mac-4rb0jcbw11.pdf

RI-MAC: a receiver-initiated asynchronous duty cycle MAC protocol for dynamic traffic loads in wireless sensor networks

http://www.inf.ufes.br/~zegonc/material/Redes%20de%20Sensores%20sem%20Fio/MAC%20in%20WSN.pdf

Medium access control in wireless sensor networks

One of the most propitious techniques for designing of 5G wireless networks is non-orthogonal multiple access. It surpasses over the prevalent orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme in terms of different parameters. Cooperative communication, on the other hand, is a natural continuation of the customary relaying systems. This infers that cooperative NOMA (C-NOMA) can be an efficient technique for spanning coverage areas of the networks. Also, various factors like path loss, shadowing and fading can be improved using C-NOMA in addition to providing communication reliability. Keeping above very facts in mind, this paper presents performance analysis of C-NOMA by presenting the analytical expressions for bit error rate (BER) and capacity. Also, both full-duplex (FD) and half-duplex (HD) methods are incorporated into the analysis. It is noteworthy to mention that analysis is carried out for D1 user, whereas that for D2 can be presented as an extension.

Closed-Form Expressions of BER and Capacity for Co-operative NOMA

For the 5G mobile wireless system, the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is being unique sought-after techniques. But in OFDM-based system “Carrier Frequency Offset” (CFO) is one out of various impairments, which gives rise to “Inter-Carrier Interference” (ICI). In this paper, mitigation of CFO has been analyzed for FrFT-OFDM-based model under α-µ fading distribution. The outcome of CFO mitigation has been presented in terms of BER. α-µ distribution contains Rayleigh, Nakagami-m and Weibull channel distribution for dissimilar values of α and µ. Therefore, it is worthy to mention that the proposed analysis is the generalization of results available (Kumari et al. in Electron Lett 49(20):1299–1301, 2013 [1]), in which BER of the FrFT-OFDM scheme has been presented over a Rayleigh channel distribution. Numerical analysis has been carried out in MATLAB-14.

BER Analysis of FRFT-OFDM System Over α-µ Fading Channel Under CFO

Nanotechnologies are providing a new set of tools to the branch of engineering for producingvarious equipments in a scale ranging from one to a few hundred nanometers. Nano-networks will expand the capabilities of single nano-devices by providing them a way to cooperate and share information. Exchange of information via nano devices is called “Nano Communication (NC)”. In this paper, Mat’ern Hard-Core Process (MHCP) has been presented to mitigate the interference. First of all, we have reproduced the results of base paper. Thereafter, we have presented similar analytical model using MHCP Type 2. It is worthy to mention that for NC system MHCP is most regular spatial distribution. The analytical expressions have been validated through numerical comparison with the results available in [1] in which Diffusion based molecular nano-networks use the Poisson Point Process(PPP) to define the random distribution of transmitters and receivers in either a two dimensional or a three dimensional space. However, NC is prone to high level of interference among the transmitting nano-machines that causes loss of information. The numerical simulation has been presented here.

Statistical Modelling of Interference for Molecular Nano-Communication

Computational complexity and error propagation phenomenon are important drawbacks of existing Decision Feedback Equalizers (DFE) for dispersive channels. A new Iterative Block DFE (IBDFE) is considered where the equalization is performed iteratively on blocks of received signal in the frequency domain i.e. both signal processing and filter design are in frequency domain. Thus computational complexity is reduced and error propagation is limited to one block. The feed forward and feedback filters of DFE are designed with the minimization of Mean Square Error (MSE) at detector input as the parameter for effective detection. Two design methods have been solved and simulated for a Rayleigh fading channel. Channel is assumed to be time in-variant during one block of data (128 symbols) transmission. In the first method, the hard detected data are used as the input to the feedback, and filters are designed according to the correlation between detected and transmitted data. In the second method, the feedback signal is directly designed from soft detection of the equalized signal at the previous iteration. Estimates of the parameters involved in the FF and FB filters are also solved and used to evaluate the filter coefficients. From simulation, it was found that the IBDFE as claimed in the research literature performs better than the time domain DFE.

M. K. Lakshmanan

Papers

Closed-Form Expressions of BER and Capacity for Co-operative NOMA

BER Analysis of FRFT-OFDM System Over α-µ Fading Channel Under CFO

Statistical Modelling of Interference for Molecular Nano-Communication

Frequency Domain Equalization for Single Carrier Wireless Systems

VLSI Implementation of Error Correction Codes for Molecular Communication