A flow-injection (FI) spectrophotometric procedure exploiting merging zones is proposed for the determination of azithromycin in pharmaceutical formulations. The method is based on the reaction of azithromycin with tetrachloro-pbenzoquinone (p-chloranil) accelerated by hydrogen peroxide and conducted in a methanol medium, producing a purplered color compound (lmax = 540 nm). The FI system and the experimental conditions were optimized using a multivariate method. Beer’s law is obeyed in a concentration range of 50 – 1600 mg mL –1 with an excellent correlation coefficient (r = 0.9998). The detection limit and the quantification limit were 6.6 and 22.1 mg mL –1 , respectively. No interference was observed from the common excipients, and the recoveries were within 98.6 to 100.4%. The procedure was applied to the determination of azithromycin in pharmaceuticals with a high sampling rate (65 samples h –1 ). The results obtained by the proposed method were in good agreement with those obtained by the comparative method at 95% confidence level.

Flow-Injection Spectrophotometric Determination of Azithromycin in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using p-Chloranil in the Presence of Hydrogen Peroxide

Uv spectrophotometric method development and validation of first derivative method for simultaneous estimation of sildenafil citrate (sil) and aspirin (asp) in bulk and tablet dosage form

A simple, sensitive, accurate, precise and eco-friendly UV spectrosphotometric method for sildenafil citrate was developed. In the present investigation, a 2.0 M sodium benzoate solution was employed as hydrotropic solubilizing agent to solubilize poorly water-soluble drug sildenafil citrate for its spectrophotometric analysis. Sildenafil citrate showed λ-max at 306 nm and beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 10 – 50 μg/ml. The results of analysis have been validated statistically and by recovery studies. ABSTRACT

QUANTITATIVE UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ESTIMATION OF SILDENAFIL CITRATE BY HYDROTROPIC TECHNIQUE Research Article

Spectrophotometric Analysis of some Fluoroquinolone Antibacterials in Bulk Drugs and their Dosage Forms

Aim: To compare the effectiveness of passive stretching and hold relax techniques in the flexibility of hamstring muscle. Methods: A total of 80 normal healthy female subjects between age group 20-30 years referred to the department of physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, sampling method being convenient sampling. The subjects were randomly divided in two groups i.e. passive stretching group (n=40) and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) group (n=40) and given passive stretching and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation technique respectively. Active knee extension range was measured before and after the intervention by goniometer. Results: The t test showed a highly significant (p=0.000) increase in range of motion in Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) group. Conclusion: Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) technique is more effective in increasing hamstring flexibility than the passive stretching.

Effectiveness of passive stretching versus hold relax techniques in flexibility of hamstring muscle

Two simple, accurate, rapid and sensitive methods have been developed for the estimation of sildenafil citrate in health care medicines. The method A is based on reduction of ferric ions to ferrous ions by the drug, which further in presence of potassium ferricyanide as oxidizing agent produces blue colored complex measured at 715 nm against reagent blank. The chromogen obeyed linearity over the range of 10 to 70I¼g/ml of drug. The method B is based on reduction of ferric ions to ferrous ions by the drug, which further in presence of potassium dichromate as oxidizing agent produces greenish blue colored complex measured at 700 nm against reagent blank. The chromogen obeyed linearity over the range of 50 to 130 I¼g/ml of drug.

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Spectrophotometric Estimation Of Sildenafil Citrate In Tablets

Two methods have been developed for estimation of sparfloxacin in tablets. Method A is based on the reduction of ferric ions to ferrous ions by the drug, which further in presence of potassium dichromate as oxidizing agent produces green chromogen measured at 680 nm against reagent blank. The chromoger obeyed linearity over 1.5 to 5.5I¼g/ml. Method B is based on similar reaction using ferric nitrate and potassium ferricyanide which produces blue chromogen measured at 720 nm against reagent blank. The chromogen obeyed linearity over 1.5 to 4.0 I¼g/ml.

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Spectrophotometric Estimation Of Sparfloxacin In Tablets

Simple colorimetric methods for the estimation of melatonin and pyridoxine hydrochloride in combined dosage form are described. Estimation of melatonin in presence ot pyridoxine hydrochloride is based on oxidative coupling reaction using 3-methylbenzothiazolin-2-one hydrazone (MBTH) and cerric ammonium sulphate. The reddish colored melatonin complex is measured at 530 nm against reagent blank it obeyed linearity over 1.2 to 15.6 Âµg/ml. Pyridoxine hydrochloride is estimated using ferric nitrate and 1,10-phenanthroline producing reddish brown colored chromogen, measured at wavelength of maximum absorption 510 nm against reagent blank. The chromogen obeyed linearity over 12.0 to 32.0 Âµg/ml for pyridoxine hydrochloride in presence of melatonin.

/pdf/spectrophotometric-estimation-of-melatonin-and-pyridoxine-1kpbi1pdod.pdf

Spectrophotometric estimation of melatonin and pyridoxine hydrochloride in combined dosage forms

A simple, accurate, rapid and sensitive method has been developed for estimation of macrolide antibiotics, viz., azithromycin, clarithromycin and roxithromycin in healthcare medicines. Estimation of azithromycin, clarithromycin and roxithromycin was based on the reduction of ketonic group to hydroxylic group, which reacted with ferric nitrate to produce a yellowish coloured chromogen measured at wavelength of maximum absorption 410nm for azithromycin and 400nm for clarithromycin & roxithromycin against reagent blank. The chromogen was stable for 1.5 hours for azithromycin & clarithromycin and 2 hours for roxithromycin. The chromogen obeyed linearity over 2 to 10μg/ml for azithromycin, 2 to 14μg/ml for clarithromycin and 4 to 12μg/ml for roxithromycin. The recovery experiments were carried out and were found to be 99.43 to 100.09 for azithromycin, 97.02 to 99.92 for clarithromycin and 98.75 to 100.47 for roxithromycin in their respective dosage forms.

M. R Hiremath

Papers

Spectrophotometric Estimation Of Sildenafil Citrate In Tablets

Spectrophotometric Estimation Of Sparfloxacin In Tablets

Spectrophotometric estimation of melatonin and pyridoxine hydrochloride in combined dosage forms

Spectrophotometric estimation of macrolide antibiotics