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Numerical Heat Transfer And Fluid Flow

http://www.msc.univ-paris-diderot.fr/~phyexp/uploads/EolienneFlexible/EolienneStateArt.pdf

State of the art in wind turbine aerodynamics and aeroelasticity

Wind energy is the fastest growing alternate source of energy in the world since its purely economic potential is complemented by its great positive environmental impact. The wind turbine, whether it may be a Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) or a Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT), offers a practical way to convert the wind energy into electrical or mechanical energy. Although this book focuses on the aerodynamic design and performance of VAWTs based on the Darrieus concept, it also discusses the comparison between HAWTs and VAWTs, future trends in design and the inherent socio-economic and environmental friendly aspects of wind energy as an alternate source of energy.

Wind turbine design with emphasis on Darrieus concept Ion Paraschivoiu

Review of state of the art in smart rotor control research for wind turbines

Wind energy, together with other renewable energy sources, are expected to grow substantially in the coming decades and play a key role in mitigating climate change and achieving energy sustainability. One of the main challenges in optimizing the design, operation, control, and grid integration of wind farms is the prediction of their performance, owing to the complex multiscale two-way interactions between wind farms and the turbulent atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). From a fluid mechanical perspective, these interactions are complicated by the high Reynolds number of the ABL flow, its inherent unsteadiness due to the diurnal cycle and synoptic-forcing variability, the ubiquitous nature of thermal effects, and the heterogeneity of the terrain. Particularly important is the effect of ABL turbulence on wind-turbine wake flows and their superposition, as they are responsible for considerable turbine power losses and fatigue loads in wind farms. These flow interactions affect, in turn, the structure of the ABL and the turbulent fluxes of momentum and scalars. This review summarizes recent experimental, computational, and theoretical research efforts that have contributed to improving our understanding and ability to predict the interactions of ABL flow with wind turbines and wind farms.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10546-019-00473-0.pdf

Wind-Turbine and Wind-Farm Flows: A Review

/pdf/the-dtu-10-mw-reference-wind-turbine-3dd4dr2k3w.pdf

The DTU 10-MW Reference Wind Turbine

/pdf/a-beddoes-leishman-type-dynamic-stall-model-in-state-space-1g9p297a1r.pdf

A Beddoes-Leishman type dynamic stall model in state-space and indicial formulations

,A wind tunnel test of the wind turbine airfoil Ris oe-B1-18 airfoil equipped with an Adaptive Trailing Edge Geometry (ATEG) was carried out. The ATEG was made by piezo electric actuators attached to the trailing edge of a non-deformable airfoil and controlled by an amplifier. The airfoil was tested at Re = 1.66x10 6 . Steady state and dynamic tests were carried out with prescribed deflections of the ATEG. The steady state tests showed that deflecting the ATEG towards the pressure side (posi tive β) translated the lift curve to higher lift values and deflecting the ATEG towards the suc tion side (negative β β β β) translated the lift curve to lower lift values. Furthermore, cd was almost unaffected by the ATEG actuation. Testing the airfoil for a step change of the ATEG f rom β=-3.0 to +1.8 showed that the obtainable Δcl was 0.10 to 0.13 in the linear part of the lift cu rve. Modeling the step response with an indicial function formulation showed that t he time constant in the step change and in sinusoidal deflections in dimensionless terms was T0* =0.6. Testing the ability of the ATEG to cancel out the load variations for an airfoil in si nusoidal pitch motion showed that it was possible to reduce the amplitude with around 80% from Δ Δ Δ Δcl=0.148 to Δcl=0.032.

Wind tunnel test on wind turbine airfoil with adaptive trailing edge geometry

The design of a three-bladed wind turbine rotor is described, where the main focus has been highest possible mechanical power coefficient, CP, at a single operational condition. Structural, as well as off-design, issues are not considered, leading to a purely theoretical design for investigating maximum aerodynamic efficiency.

The rotor is designed assuming constant induction for most of the blade span, but near the tip region, a constant load is assumed instead. The rotor design is obtained using an actuator disc model, and is subsequently verified using both a free-wake lifting line method and a full three-dimensional Navier–Stokes solver.

Excellent agreement is obtained using the three models. Global CP reaches a value of slightly above 0.51, while global thrust coefficient CT is 0.87. The local power coefficient Cp increases to slightly above the Betz limit on the inner part of the rotor; the local thrust coefficient Ct increases to a value above 1.1. This agrees well with the theory of de Vries, which states that including the effect of the low pressure behind the centre of the rotor stemming from the increased rotation, both Cp and Ct will increase towards the root. Towards the tip, both Cp and Ct decrease due to tip corrections as well as drag. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Mac Gaunaa

Papers

The DTU 10-MW Reference Wind Turbine

A Beddoes-Leishman type dynamic stall model in state-space and indicial formulations

Wind tunnel test on wind turbine airfoil with adaptive trailing edge geometry

Design of a Wind Turbine Rotor for Maximum Aerodynamic Efficiency

Load alleviation on wind turbine blades using variable airfoil geometry. Adapwing 1 and 2