Human influence and the changing geomorphology of Mediterranean deltas and coasts over the last 6000 years: From progradation to destruction phase?

Evolution of the Yellow River Delta and its relationship with runoff and sediment load from 1983 to 2011

Wave influence in the construction, shaping and destruction of river deltas: A review

The coastal zone of the Nile Delta is a promising area for energy resources and industrial activities. It also contains important wetland ecosystems. This coastal area witnessed several changes during the last century. A set of four satellite images from the multi-spectral scanner (MSS), thematic mapper (TM) and Systeme Pour l’Observation de la Terre (SPOT) sensors were utilized in order to estimate the spatio-temporal changes that occurred in the coastal zone between Damietta Nile branch and Port-Said between 1973 and 2007. Image processing applied in this study included geometric rectification; atmospheric correction; on-screen shoreline digitizing of the 1973 (MSS) and 2007 (SPOT) images for tracking the shoreline position between Damietta promontory and Port-Said; and water index approach for quantifying Manzala lagoon surface area change using 1973 (MSS), 1984 (TM) and 2003 (TM) images. Results showed that coastal erosion was severe near Damietta promontory and decreased eastward, however, accretion was observed near Port-Said. About 50% of the coastal strip was under erosion and 13% was under accretion. In addition, a remarkable decline (34.5%) of the Manzala lagoon surface area was estimated. These changes were attributed mainly to the control of the River Nile flooding and the land use change by anthropogenic activities.

http://www.hmelasmar.name.eg/Research/elasmar%20hereher.pdf

Change detection of the coastal zone east of the Nile Delta using remote sensing

The Anthropocene is a major new concept in the Earth sciences and this book examines the effects on geomorphology within this period. Drawing examples from many different global environments, this comprehensive volume demonstrates that human impact on landforms and land-forming processes is profound, due to various driving forces, including: use of fire; extinction of fauna; development of agriculture, urbanisation, and globalisation; and new methods of harnessing energy. The book explores the ways in which future climate change due to anthropogenic causes may further magnify effects on geomorphology, with respect to future hazards such as floods and landslides, the state of the cryosphere, and sea level. The book concludes with a consideration of the ways in which landforms are now being managed and protected. Covering all major aspects of geomorphology, this book is ideal for undergraduate and graduate students studying geomorphology, environmental science and physical geography, and for all researchers of geomorphology.

Geomorphology in the Anthropocene

Human-induced changes in the geomorphology of the northeastern coast of the Nile delta, Egypt

Beach profiles surveyed over a period of 18 y (1982 to 2000) at 41 sites were analyzed to assess beach changes, seabed scour, and grain sorting pattern fronting the 5 km long seawall built in 1991 to protect the Rosetta promontory from beach erosion, which had been retreating at a rate of −106 m/y. Although the seawall has succeeded in halting the recession, the shoreline shows adverse erosion at the leeside of the seawall ends (−14.4 m/y) associated with depth scour at a maximum of −0.50 m/y. The erosion along the promontory tip progressively decreases with longshore distance both to the east and to the southwest along the promontory flanks, reverting to accretion on both sides within the promontory saddles and yielding two nodal areas that represents zones where the sediment regime changes from erosion to deposition. Moreover, the seawalls have slightly altered the mean grain sizes of the beach sediment and seabed slope of the surf zone. The overall pattern of beach erosion and seabed scour res...

Mahmoud M. El Banna

Papers

Human-induced changes in the geomorphology of the northeastern coast of the Nile delta, Egypt

Pattern of Beach Erosion and Scour Depth along the Rosetta Promontory and their Effect on the Existing Protection Works, Nile Delta, Egypt

Conceptual prediction of harbor sedimentation quantities using AI approaches to support integrated coastal structures management