Poly(ionic liquid)s: An update

Magnetic nanomaterials in catalysis: advanced catalysts for magnetic separation and beyond

In the past two decades, the synthetic development of magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) has been intensively explored for both fundamental scientific research and technological applications. Different from the bulk magnet, magnetic NPs exhibit unique magnetism, which enables the tuning of their magnetism by systematic nanoscale engineering. In this review, we first briefly discuss the fundamental features of magnetic NPs. We then summarize the synthesis of various magnetic NPs, including magnetic metal, metallic alloy, metal oxide, and multifunctional NPs. We focus on the organic phase syntheses of magnetic NPs with precise control over their sizes, shapes, compositions, and structures. Finally we discuss the applications of various magnetic NPs in sensitive diagnostics and therapeutics, high-density magnetic data recording and energy storage, as well as in highly efficient catalysis.

Organic Phase Syntheses of Magnetic Nanoparticles and Their Applications.

Fe3O4 (iron oxide)-supported nanocatalysts: synthesis, characterization and applications in coupling reactions

Ferrofluids are suspensions of magnetic nanoparticles that have the attractive feature of being controlled by applied magnetic fields. Ferrofluids have been studied for decades in an ever growing number of applications that take advantage of their response to applied magnetic fields. Here, we provide a summary of recent advances in established and emerging applications of ferrofluids, including applications in optics, sensors, actuators, seals, lubrication, and static/dynamic magnetically driven assembly of structures.

Recent progress in ferrofluids research: novel applications of magnetically controllable and tunable fluids

A functionalized poly(ionic liquid) coated magnetic nanoparticle (Fe3O4@PIL) catalyst was successfully synthesized by polymerization of functionalized vinylimidazolium in the presence of surface modified magnetic nanoparticles. The resulting heterogeneous catalyst is shown to be an efficient acidic catalyst for synthesis of 1,1-diacetyl from aldehydes under solvent free conditions and room temperature in high yields. Also, the catalyst shows good activity for the deprotection reaction of acylals. After completion of reaction, the catalyst was simply recovered by an external conventional magnet and recycled without significant loss in the catalytic activity. Because of the polymer layers coated surface of the magnetic nanoparticles, the catalyst has a good thermal stability and recyclability. The poly(ionic liquid) coated magnetic nanoparticles represents a novel class of heterogeneous catalyst which are particularly attractive in the practice of organic synthesis in an environmentally friendly manner.

Maliheh Doulabi

Papers

Multi-Layer Functionalized Poly(Ionic Liquid) Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles: Highly Recoverable and Magnetically Separable Brønsted Acid Catalyst