Showing papers by "Marc H. Bornstein published in 2001"
TL;DR: Maternal responsiveness at both ages predicted the timing of children's achieving language milestones over and above children's observed behaviors and certain dimensions of responsiveness were more predictive than others.
Abstract: This prospective longitudinal study examined the contribution of dimensions of maternal responsiveness (descriptions, play, imitations) to the timing of five milestones in children's (N = 40) early expressive language: first imitations, first words, 50 words in expressive language, combinatorial speech, and the use of language to talk about the past. Events-History Analysis, a statistical technique that estimates the extent to which predictors influence the timing of events, was used. At 9 and 13 months, maternal responsiveness and children's activities (e.g., vocalizations, play) were coded from videotaped interactions of mother-child free play; information about children's language acquisition was obtained through biweekly interviews with mothers from 9 through 21 months. Maternal responsiveness at both ages predicted the timing of children's achieving language milestones over and above children's observed behaviors. Responsiveness at 13 months was a stronger predictor of the timing of language milestones than was responsiveness at 9 months, and certain dimensions of responsiveness were more predictive than others. The multidimensional nature of maternal responsiveness and specificity in mother-child language relations are discussed.
1,007 citations
TL;DR: These findings do not support adding AA+DHA to formulas containing 10% energy as linoleic acid and 1%energy as alpha-linolenic acid to enhance growth, visual acuity, information processing, general development, language, or temperament in healthy, term infants during the first 14 months after birth.
Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effects of dietary intake of the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on multiple indices of infant growth and development Design A double- masked randomized parallel trial was conducted with term infants fed formulas with or without AA+DHA for 1 year (N=239) Reference groups of breastfed infants (N=165) weaned to formulas with and without AA+DHA were also studied Infants in the formula groups were randomized at =9 days of age to a control formula with no AA or DHA (n = 77) or 1 of 2 otherwise identical formulas containing AA+DHA (AA 046% and DHA 014% of total fatty acids) from either egg-derived triglyceride (egg-DTG [n = 80]) or fish oil and fungal oil (fish/fungal) [n = 82]) at levels similar to the average in breast milk samples as measured in the reference group All formulas contained 50% of energy from fat with the essential dietary fatty acids linolenic acid 20% fatty acids) and a-linolenic acid (2% fatty acids) The main study outcomes were AA and DHA levels in plasma and red blood cells and multiple measures of infant development at multiple ages from birth to 14 months: growth visual acuity information processing general development language and temperament Results AA and DHA levels in plasma and red cells were higher in AA+DHA-supplemented groups than in the control formula group and comparable to those in reference groups No developmental test results distinguished these groups Expected differences in family demographics associated with breastfeeding were found but no advantages to breastfeeding on any of the developmental outcome demonstrated Conclusions These findings do not support adding AA+DHA to formulas containing 10% energy as linolenic acid and 1% energy as a-linolenic acid to enhance growth visual acuity information processing general development language or temperament in healthy term infants during the first 14 months after birth (authors)
235 citations
TL;DR: This paper found that individual differences in child language at 24 months and child verbal IQ at 48 months predicted unique variance in performance on the false-belief tasks at 48-month, although only the early language factor findings were statistically significant.
Abstract: Maternal reports of child vocabulary, utterance length, morpheme usage, and sentence complexity and experimenter-assessed receptive and expressive language were obtained at the end of the 2nd year for European American middle-class toddlers (N = 27). Maternal verbal intelligence and socioeconomic status were also measured. At 48 months of age, children's false-belief understanding and verbal intelligence were evaluated. Individual differences in child language at 24 months and child verbal IQ at 48 months predicted unique variance in performance on the false-belief tasks at 48 months, although only the early language factor findings were statistically significant. These findings demonstrate previously unobserved relations between early language and later acquisition of complex concepts related to mind.
96 citations
TL;DR: The authors examined similarities and differences in mothers' and infants' activities and interactions among 37 Japanese American and 40 South American dyads and found that culture-of-origin continues to influence parenting behaviour in acculturating groups.
Abstract: This study examined similarities and differences in mothers' and infants' activities and interactions among 37 Japanese American and 40 South American dyads. Few relations between maternal acculturation level or individualism/collectivism and maternal parenting or infant behaviours emerged in either group. However, group differences were found in mothers' and infants' behaviours indicating that culture-of-origin continues to influence parenting behaviour in acculturating groups.
61 citations
TL;DR: Three-month-old infants' categorization of animals and vehicles based on static and dynamic attributes was investigated using a multiple-exemplar habituation-test paradigm, suggesting that infants categorize animals and Vehicles using either static or dynamic information.
60 citations
TL;DR: Similarities and differences in northern and southern Italian mothers' social and didactic parenting beliefs and behaviours, and relations between their beliefs and behaviors, are reported in this article, where both groups of mothers reported that they engaged more in social than didactic interactions with infants, whereas in actuality both groups engaged in didactic behaviors with their infants for longer periods of time than they engaged in social behaviors.
Abstract: Similarities and differences in northern and southern Italian mothers' social and didactic parenting beliefs and behaviors, and relations between their beliefs and behaviors, are reported. Both groups of mothers reported that they engaged more in social than didactic interactions with their infants, whereas in actuality both groups engaged in didactic behaviors with their infants for longer periods of time than they engaged in social behaviors. In addition, northern mothers engaged in more social interactions with their infants than did southern mothers. No correlations between beliefs and behaviors emerged in either group. These data speak to issues of intracultural variation and cross-cultural similarities in family psychology and parenting, belief-behavior relations in parenting, and the importance of methodology (parental report or observation) in the study of parenting and family functioning.
53 citations
TL;DR: This paper examined cultural generality and specificity in relations among and between mothers' and infants' behaviours in 37 Japanese American and 40 South American acculturating families and found that there is independence and plasticity in infant behavioural organisation.
Abstract: This study examined cultural generality and specificity in relations among and between mothers' and infants' behaviours in 37 Japanese American and 40 South American acculturating families. Few relations among mothers' behaviours emerged, except for that between mothers' social behaviour and other types of maternal behaviour, which appear to reflect the common collectivist orientation of these two cultural groups. Few relations among infants' behaviours emerged, suggesting that there is independence and plasticity in infant behavioural organisation. Several expected relations between mothers' and infants' behaviours emerged, pointing to some universal characteristics in motherinfant interactions.
22 citations
01 May 2001
TL;DR: Early Head Start Father Studies: Design, Data Collection, and Summary of Father Presence in the Lives of Infants and Toddlers J.K. Raikes as discussed by the authors, The Meaning of "Good Fatherhood": Low-Income Fathers' Social Constructions of their Roles J.J. Shannon, C.A. Cabrera, N.T. Tamis-LeMonda, and N.E. Bellotti, Two Studies of Father Involvement in Early Head Start for Fatherhood Research and Program Development.
Abstract: K. Boller, R. Bradley, N. Cabrera, H. Raikes, B. Pan, J. Shears, L. Roggman, The Early Head Start Father Studies: Design, Data Collection, and Summary of Father Presence in the Lives of Infants and Toddlers J.A. Summers, K. Boller, R.F. Schiffman, H.H. Raikes, The Meaning of "Good Fatherhood": Low-Income Fathers' Social Constructions of Their Roles J.D. Shannon, C.S. Tamis-LeMonda, N.J. Cabrera, Fathering in Infancy: Mutuality and Stability Between 8 and 16 Months C.A. Vogel, R.H. Bradley, H. Raikes, K. Boller, J.K. Shears, Relations Between Father Connectedness and Child Outcomes R.M. Ryan, A. Martin, J. Brooks-Gunn, Is One Good Parent Good Enough? Patterns of Mother and Father Parenting and Child Cognitive Outcomes at 24 and 36 Months H. Raikes, J. Bellotti, Two Studies of Father Involvement in Early Head Start Programs. A National Survey and a Demonstration Program Evaluation H.E. Fitzgerald, L.M. McKelvey, R.F. Schiffman, M. Montanez, Exposure of Low-income Families and Their Children to Neighborhood Violence and Paternal Antisocial Behavior R.H. Bradley, J.K. Shears, L.A. Roggman, C.S. Tamis-LeMonda, Lessons Learned From Early Head Start for Fatherhood Research and Program Development.
13 citations
Journal Article•
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TL;DR: Gesell as discussed by the authors regarded child development as a branch of biology which is concerned with early human growth in its physical, mental, and cultural manifestations, and he placed particular emphasis on the preschool years, contending that the psychological care of infants and the guidance of young children had farreaching consequences for development.
Abstract: Arnold Lucius Gesell was formally trained in pedagogy, psychology, and medicine, but also possessed considerable practical experience; during 50 years at Yale University, his intellectual life's work focused on basic research in child development. Gesell and his colleagues engaged in extensive, systematic, and detailed studies of growth in typically and atypically developing children. Gesell studied motor, language, adaptive, and personal-social types of behavior. His group produced more than 400 items and wrote more than 20 books, many translated into numerous foreign languages. Gesell regarded child development as a branch of biology which is concerned with early human growth in its physical, mental, and cultural manifestations. At the peak of his career, Gesell was possibly the best-known child specialist in the world. He placed particular emphasis on the preschool years, contending that the psychological care of infants and the guidance of young children had far-reaching consequences for development. It is too easy to forget that the infant has a psychology and that our methods of care affect his mental as well as physical welfare. Gesell also contended that psychology and medical science are fundamental partners in the service of children's welfare: psychology is the science of behavior. The future growth of preschool hygiene, both physical and mental, will see a more deliberate use of this great science to solve the behavior problems of child development and child care. As W.R. Miles (1964) [14] observed: The community and state activities in which Dr. Gesell participated as a leader, and which required a great deal of time and effort on his part, exemplify his devotion to human welfare.
2 citations
01 Jan 2001
TL;DR: In this article, a modo di utilizzo del programma GSEQ for Windows with dati di tipo Event, provengono dalla trascrizione del linguaggio usato dalle madre durante una interazione con il proprio bambino a 5 e a 13 mesi.
Abstract: Questo articolo ha lo scopo di mostrare un modo di utilizzo del programma GSEQ for Windows con dati di tipo Event. I dati provengono dalla trascrizione del linguaggio usato dalle madre durante una interazione con il proprio bambino a 5 e a 13 mesi. Non sono presentate ipotesi specifiche perche si suppone una generica esplorazione delle sequenze di linguaggio della madre. Si considerano anche 3 variabili indipendenti (eta e sesso del bambino ed area geografica), ma solo per mostrare l'uso delle sequenze in ambito sperimentale.
1 citations