http://www.cdi-electrosorption.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Porada-et-al.-2013-Review-on-the-Science-and-Technology-of-Water-Desalination-by-Capacitive-Deionization.pdf

Review on the science and technology of water desalination by capacitive deionization

Adsorption of organic molecules from aqueous solutions on carbon materials

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging technology for the facile removal of charged ionic species from aqueous solutions, and is currently being widely explored for water desalination applications. The technology is based on ion electrosorption at the surface of a pair of electrically charged electrodes, commonly composed of highly porous carbon materials. The CDI community has grown exponentially over the past decade, driving tremendous advances via new cell architectures and system designs, the implementation of ion exchange membranes, and alternative concepts such as flowable carbon electrodes and hybrid systems employing a Faradaic (battery) electrode. Also, vast improvements have been made towards unraveling the complex processes inherent to interfacial electrochemistry, including the modelling of kinetic and equilibrium aspects of the desalination process. In our perspective, we critically review and evaluate the current state-of-the-art of CDI technology and provide definitions and performance metric nomenclature in an effort to unify the fast-growing CDI community. We also provide an outlook on the emerging trends in CDI and propose future research and development directions.

/pdf/water-desalination-via-capacitive-deionization-what-is-it-p45le9ivut.pdf

Water desalination via capacitive deionization : What is it and what can we expect from it?

Pharmaceuticals as emerging contaminants and their removal from water. A review

11. Conclusions and Perspectives 6005 12. Acknowledgments 6006 13. References 6006

/pdf/adsorption-of-organic-compounds-by-carbon-nanomaterials-in-4u9o24hznm.pdf

Adsorption of Organic Compounds by Carbon Nanomaterials in Aqueous Phase: Polanyi Theory and Its Application

Effect of chemical surface heterogeneity on the adsorption mechanism of dissolved aromatics on activated carbon

The effect of KCl on the adsorption of phenol, toluene, and benzene on activated carbon, with different degrees of surface oxygenation, was investigated Different trends of salt effect were observed for each compound The observed KCl effects were interpreted on the basis of electrical charge neutralization on the carbon surface and the adsorbate molecules, water adsorption, and the “salt out” effect In particular, water adsorption was found to be crucial in reducing the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon The influence of water adsorption was more pronounced on carbon surfaces with higher amounts of oxygen-containing groups This was additionally confirmed by measurements using flow microcalorimetry

Marcus Franz

Papers

Effect of chemical surface heterogeneity on the adsorption mechanism of dissolved aromatics on activated carbon

Effect of salt on the mechanism of adsorption of aromatics on activated carbon.