Wireless sensor network (WSN) has emerged as one of the most promising technologies for the future. This has been enabled by advances in technology and availability of small, inexpensive, and smart sensors resulting in cost effective and easily deployable WSNs. However, researchers must address a variety of challenges to facilitate the widespread deployment of WSN technology in real-world domains. In this survey, we give an overview of wireless sensor networks and their application domains including the challenges that should be addressed in order to push the technology further. Then we review the recent technologies and testbeds for WSNs. Finally, we identify several open research issues that need to be investigated in future.

Our survey is different from existing surveys in that we focus on recent developments in wireless sensor network technologies. We review the leading research projects, standards and technologies, and platforms. Moreover, we highlight a recent phenomenon in WSN research that is to explore synergy between sensor networks and other technologies and explain how this can help sensor networks achieve their full potential. This paper intends to help new researchers entering the domain of WSNs by providing a comprehensive survey on recent developments.

Wireless sensor networks: a survey on recent developments and potential synergies

Computer communications

Routing protocols in Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networks: A comprehensive survey

A survey of routing and data dissemination in Delay Tolerant Networks

From MANET to people-centric networking: Milestones and open research challenges

Forwarding strategies in vehicular named data networks: A survey

Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networks (VDTN) are growing challenging field of Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN) containing mobile nodes (vehicles) that communicate using the paradigm of store carry and forward. In this model, nodes store the bundle waiting for the opportunity to transfer it to another node in the same transmission range, and in a limited duration. VDTN enables communications in a sparse network characterized by low density, high mobility of nodes, intermittent connectivity, no end-to-end communication and no information on the path of nodes, which make routing in such cases difficult and challenging. This paper studies the performances of some well-known VDTN routing protocols in sparse and dense traffic. The proposed scenario considers stationary nodes representing sensors measuring different types of data to be transferred to stationary destination nodes through the VDTN network (vehicles). The destination nodes are the only part of the network that is connected to the Internet. The transmission of collected data is also made by fixed nodes representing stationary relays such as audio-signal traffic lights, placed in the crossroads of Rennes city streets. The map of Rennes has been used and the position of the stoplights has been carried out using Open Data. The aim of our simulation is to study the impact of mobile nodes and stationary relays on the routing protocols performances in dense and sparse traffic.

Study of VDTN routing protocols performances in sparse and dense traffic in the presence of relay nodes

Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is a technology that integrates Ad Hoc network, cellular technology and wireless-LAN to achieve vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure communication for intelligent transportation systems (ITS). The chapter provides a survey of routing protocols in vehicular ad hoc networks, it fall into six categories: Topology-based, Position-based, Cluster-based, Geocast-based, Broadcast-based and Infrastructure-based. In this paper we present recent and new routing protocols focusing on the period between the years 2011 and 2013. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these routing protocols and propose new classification named prediction-based in Topology category used to estimates density of vehicles, node life time or link lifetime to improve routing in VANET.

Recent study of Routing protocols in VANET: Survey and Taxonomy

Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Networks (VDTNs) are composed of mobile nodes (vehicles) that communicate wirelessly to transfer data between nodes despite connectivity issues. It enables network connectivity in sparse or partitioned opportunistic networks, characterized by the low node density where the vehicular traffic is sparse and direct end-to-end paths between communicating parties do not always exist. Routing in such environments is challenging due to the absence, for nodes, of information about the state of the partitioned network, and because transfer opportunities between nodes are of limited duration. This paper focuses on the study of the performance of some well-known VDTN routing protocols in different scenarios to assess their suitability of use in the case of collecting sensor data in cities. In this paper we study the case of stationary nodes that represent urban sensor measuring different types of data, and transmitting collected information to stationary destination nodes, which are connected to the Internet. The transmission mechanism is performed through a set of mobile nodes in a VDTN context. We study the impact of different parameters on the routing protocols performances, using a large set of simulations and two scenarios. The results show that there is no perfect routing protocolthat is the best for all scenarios.

Maria Benamar

Papers

Routing protocols in Vehicular Delay Tolerant Networks: A comprehensive survey

Forwarding strategies in vehicular named data networks: A survey

Study of VDTN routing protocols performances in sparse and dense traffic in the presence of relay nodes

Recent study of Routing protocols in VANET: Survey and Taxonomy

Are VDTN routing protocols suitable for data collection in smart cities : a performance assessment