Previous studies found students who both work and attend school undergo a partial sleep deprivation that accumulates across the week. The aim of the present study was to obtain information using a questionnaire on a number of variables (e.g., socio‐demographics, lifestyle, work timing, and sleep‐wake habits) considered to impact on sleep duration of working (n=51) and non‐working (n=41) high‐school students aged 14–21 yrs old attending evening classes (19:00–22:30 h) at a public school in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected for working days and days off. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to assess the factors associated with sleep duration on weekdays and weekends. Work, sex, age, smoking, consumption of alcohol and caffeine, and physical activity were considered control variables. Significant predictors of sleep duration were: work (p < 0.01), daily work duration (8–10 h/day; p < 0.01), sex (p=0.04), age 18–21 yrs (0.01), smoking (p=0.02) and drinking habits (p=0.03), irre...

Explaining Sleep Duration in Adolescents: The Impact of Socio‐Demographic and Lifestyle Factors and Working Status

The aim of this study was to evaluate patterns of sleepiness, comparing working and non-working students. The study was conducted on high school students attending evening classes (19:00-22:30 h) at a public school in Sao Paulo, Brazil. The study group consisted of working (n=51) and non-working (n=41) students, aged 14-21 yrs. The students answered a questionnaire about working and living conditions and reported health symptoms and diseases. For seven consecutive days, actigraphy measurements were recorded, and the students also filled in a sleep diary. Sleepiness ratings were given six times per day, including upon waking and at bedtime, using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale. Statistical analyses included three-way ANOVA and t-test. The mean sleep duration during weekdays was shorter among workers (7.2 h) than non-workers (8.8 h) (t=4.34; p<.01). The mean duration of night awakenings was longer among workers on Tuesdays and Wednesdays (28.2 min) and shorter on Mondays (24.2 min) (t=2.57; p=.03). Among workers, mean napping duration was longer on Mondays and Tuesdays (89.9 min) (t=2.27; p=.03) but shorter on Fridays and Sundays (31.4 min) (t=3.13; p=.03). Sleep efficiency was lower on Fridays among non-workers. Working students were moderately sleepier than non-workers during the week and also during class on specific days: Mondays (13:00-15:00 h), Wednesdays (19:00-22:00 h), and Fridays (22:00-00:59 h). The study found that daytime sleepiness of workers is moderately higher in the evening. This might be due to a work effect, reducing the available time for sleep and shortening the sleep duration. Sleepiness and shorter sleep duration can have a negative impact on the quality of life and school development of high school students.

Sleep and sleepiness among working and non-working high school evening students.

Sociodemographic factors associated with sleep quality and sleep duration in adolescents from Santa Catarina, Brazil: what changed between 2001 and 2011?

https://www.scielo.br/pdf/clin/v66n7/v66n7a05.pdf

Factors associated with medicine use and self medication are different in adolescents

Children who grow up in developing countries of the world must work to help financially support their families, and they must also attend school. We investigated the impact of work on the sleep of working vs. nonworking high school students. Twenty-seven Sao Paulo, Brazil, public high school students (eight male and eight female working students plus six nonworking female and five nonworking male students) 14-18 yrs of age who attended school Monday-Friday between 19:00 to 22:30h participated. A comprehensive questionnaire about work and living conditions, health status, and diseases and their symptoms was also answered. The activity level and rest pattern (sleep at night and napping during the day) were continuously assessed by wrist actigraphy (Ambulatory Monitoring, USA). The main variables were analyzed by a two-factor ANOVA with application of the Tukey HSD test for multiple comparisons, and the length of sleep during weekdays vs. weekends was compared by Student t-test. Working students went to sleep earlier weekends [F(1,23)=6.1; p=0.02] and woke up earlier work days than nonworking students [F(1,23) = 17.3; p = 0.001]. The length of nighttime sleep during weekdays was shorter among all the working [F(1,23)= 16.7; p <0.001] than all the nonworking students. The sleep duration of boys was shorter than of girls during weekends [F(1,23)= 10.8; p <0.001]. During weekdays, the duration of napping by working and nonworking male students was shorter than nonworking female students. During weekdays working girls took the shortest naps [F(1,23)= 5.6; p = 0.03]. The most commonly reported sleep complaint during weekdays was difficulty waking up in the morning [F(1,23) = 6.5; p = 0.02]. During weekdays, the self-perceived sleep quality of working students was worse than nonworking students [F(1,23) = 6.2; p = 0.02]. The findings of this study show that work has negative effects on the sleep of adolescents, with the possible build-up of a chronic sleep debt with potential consequent impact on quality of life and school learning.

Sleep patterns of day-working, evening high-schooled adolescents of São Paulo, Brazil

O estudo analisa consequencias do trabalho para as condicoes de vida, saude e desenvolvimento psicossocial de adolescentes. Participaram do estudo 354 estudantes de 14 a 18 anos, do ensino medio, periodo noturno. A analise das representacoes foi realizada a partir da coleta de evocacoes livres. Os dados sobre sono foram obtidos por meio de questionarios, sobre auto-percepcoes acerca das condicoes de vida e trabalho, sintomas de saude e doencas. A analise de dados foi realizada com o software EVOC 2000 e SPSS. Constataram-se diferencas significativas na duracao media de sono entre os adolescentes: os trabalhadores relataram menores medias de duracao de sono. Entre os trabalhadores, referiram dormir menos os que sentem sono no trabalho e nas aulas, tem maiores exigencias psicologicas no trabalho, ganham acima de 1 salario minimo mensal, jornadas acima de 6 horas diarias ou acima de 20 horas semanais, trabalham em local barulhento e com presenca de gases e vapores. As representacoes do trabalho entre os jovens apontam contradicao entre o seu reconhecimento como valor moral positivo para o desenvolvimento psicossocial e a construcao da identidade, e as consequencias negativas decorrentes da exposicao a cargas fisicas e psicologicas precocemente.

/pdf/efeitos-do-trabalho-sobre-a-saude-de-adolescentes-7ww7tj7iay.pdf

Efeitos do trabalho sobre a saúde de adolescentes

This research aimed to compare the social representations of adolescents who study during the day and of those who study in the evening concerning three related objects: the work itself, the association between working and studying, and the adolescent who works. The subjects were 724 male and female high school students from 14 to 18 years old, divided into a worker and a non-worker groups. Data were collected using the free evocation method with inductor terms, and the software Evoc helped in the formulation of hypotheses about the centrality of the main contents of each representation. The most important results were: the anchoring by workers of the term “work” in elements of their everyday life; the predominance among workers of negative central elements as to the association between studying and working; the positive image for both groups regarding the adolescent who works.

/pdf/a-positividade-e-a-negatividade-do-trabalho-nas-4oer6ng29i.pdf

A positividade e a negatividade do trabalho nas representações sociais de adolescentes

Social representations are a knowledge forms socially created and shared The objective of this research is to analyse the social representations contents concerning sub- jects school and work The sample was constituted by 208 high school adolescents from a public school in the city of Sao Paulo, organized it 21 focus groups For the data processing it was used the text data analysis program Alceste 45, by Max Reinert The analysis was made upon the three configuring dimensions of a social representation The classes associa- ted to work presented a contradiction between the recognition of work as a moral value positive, and the outcoming problems of early physical and psychological burden to the ado- lescent worker Contents of the social representation about school revealed problems on evening classes everyday relationship among students and teachers, and the teachers as the main responsible actor for the low performance of the group

A escola e o trabalho entre adolescentes do ensino médio da cidade de São Paulo: uma análise de representações sociais

O artigo apresenta alguns modos pelos quais pessoas desempregadas lidam com sua situacao. Partiu da hipotese de que diferentes contextos e locais possibilitariam a expressao de distintos modos de lidar com o desemprego. Para tanto, realizamos entrevistas semi-dirigidas em locais onde o desemprego e um tema institucional - servicos de recolocacao profissional - e em lugares onde nao ha essa preocupacao mas onde seria provavel encontrar pessoas sem emprego - bares e igrejas. As entrevistas procuraram tematizar o desemprego vivido em varias dimensoes, a partir do relato da experiencia dos trabalhadores desempregados, passando pelas diferentes representacoes do desemprego na sociedade. Entre as categorias de analise que estabelecemos, o tempo, sob varios aspectos, apareceu sempre de forma marcante e consolidou-se como categoria central, que pode sintetizar bem o que encontramos. Consideramos que realmente surgiram diferentes manifestacoes do desemprego em locais com diferentes funcoes sociais e que essas funcoes, somadas as representacoes dos individuos sobre o desemprego, eram os eixos que norteavam a forma e o conteudo das entrevistas, apontando tanto semelhancas quanto diferencas. Dentro disso, houve tres dimensoes que identificamos nos discursos de todos os entrevistados como fundamentais nos seus modos de lidar com o desemprego: causas do desemprego, vivencia afetiva e criticas a situacao.

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O desemprego do tempo: narrativas de trabalhadores desempregados em diferentes ambientes sociais

/pdf/the-school-and-the-work-among-adolescents-in-high-school-of-5c9iy4rni3.pdf

Mariana Almeida do Amaral

Papers

Efeitos do trabalho sobre a saúde de adolescentes

A positividade e a negatividade do trabalho nas representações sociais de adolescentes

A escola e o trabalho entre adolescentes do ensino médio da cidade de São Paulo: uma análise de representações sociais

O desemprego do tempo: narrativas de trabalhadores desempregados em diferentes ambientes sociais

The school and the work among adolescents in high school of São Paulo city: an analysis of social representations