A tecnologia em tempos atuais e entendida nao mais como de carater exogeno, que ocorre no interior da empresa, mas como um fenomeno sistemico e interativo, marcado por diferentes formas de cooperacao e aprendizagem entre os diversos tipos de atores. No Brasil, entre as acoes que buscam alavancar a inovacao e o desenvolvimento tecnologico esta a promocao de empresas de base tecnologica (EBTs), especialmente quando inseridas em ambiente de incubadoras. Considerando o carater interativo da inovacao, o contexto das EBTs e sua importância para o desenvolvimento tecnologico, este artigo tem por finalidade avaliar, em face do novo paradigma de inovacao: (i) o grau de importância percebido por essas empresas para as interacoes e relacoes de cooperacao, em seu estagio atual de incubacao, e (ii) a tendencia desse comportamento para o periodo de pos-incubacao. Os resultados mostraram que as EBTs, embora apresentem uma tendencia (pos-incubacao) positiva ao desenvolvimento de acoes conjuntas e maior interacao no estagio de incubacao, caracterizam-se por serem de baixa intensidade, apresentando conceitos ainda incipientes sobre o modelo interativo de inovacao.

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Interação e cooperação de empresas incubadas de base tecnológica: uma análise diante do novo paradigma de inovação

Interaction between universities and companies is common in Countries considered to be developed and innovative. In Brazil, this strategy is not widely used, although some relevant actions have produced good results in the pharmaceutical sector. The Brazilian Innovation Law, which is considered a milestone, created the Technology Innovation Centers (TICs) in universities, and is seen by the Ministry of Health in Brazil as having great strategic promise within the area of drugs and medicine. In this regard, this article seeks to present the findings of an exploratory research project investigating the participation of Brazilian universities in the formation of strategic partnerships focused on the development of drugs, after the advent of the Brazilian Innovation Law. An exploratory study was used as an instrument of methodological support, backed by a survey whose results allowed the authors to identify some significant reflections structured in the university-pharmaceutical industry-government approach.

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Innovation as a Critical Success Factor: an Exploratory Study about the Partnership among University with Pharmaceutical Industry in Brazil

Small and medium-sized technology-based companies are recognized as essential for the economy and business activity. The purpose of this article is to study how the technological innovation process occurs in small and medium technology-based companies located in the metropolitan region of the Paraiba Valley and North Coast – Brazil. The theoretical framework used is composed by six our models of innovation: the technology push, the market pull, the coupling innovation process, the functional integration innovation process, the systems integration and networking innovation process and open innovation. It was used in this research the multiple case studies with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with owner-managers. The sample consisted of four small and medium technology-based companies of metropolitan region of the Paraiba Valley and North Coast – Brazil. In the data analysis, there was an intra and cross case analysis in order to verify the similarities and differences of the cases studied. As a result of observation of innovation development models adopted by companies, it appears that the model is closer to what was proposed in the chain interactions model. The development of innovation depends on the type of economic activity that is developed by the company and the interactions it has with internal and external environment. It was concluded that the small and medium-sized technology-based companies do not innovate in a systematic way, but intuitively and very focused on the ideas of its founders. They innovate focusing for meeting the requirements of customers and the needs observed in the market. The formation of partnerships is still viewed warily by the leaders and owners.

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Innovation development process in small and medium technology-based companies

This study, originating from a multidimensional analysis on the innovation category in a Community Mental Health Movement of Bom Jardim (Fortaleza, Brazil) that examines subjective and psychosocial dimensions, seeks to examine to what extent the work developed by this movement is effectively an innovative model in mental healthcare from the perspective of users of this service. The methodology adopted was a qualitative case study method based on a critical-interpretive approach employing techniques such as in-depth interviews associated with focus groups. The categorization of the discursive material was conducted using a model based on the four main dimensions of psychiatric reform, namely conceptual, technical, legal and socio-cultural aspects. The results reveal the following: an emphasis on the individual rather than focusing on the sickness; care as the basis for purposeful actions; the co-production of genuine dialogue with multiple stakeholders, and the construction of autonomy emphasizing individual potential. In conclusion, it can be said that healthcare practices developed by the Movement involve deconstructing the traditional model of mental healthcare, permitting new forms of citizenship, thereby contributing to deinstitutionalization.

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[Innovation in mental health from the perspective of users: a community movement in the Northeast of Brazil].

The aim of this paper is to examine how innovation was implemented in the city of Rio de Janeiro, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, regarding the “new normal” interactions, the urban space and the low touch economy. The main argument indicates that the use of new information and communication technologies to interact with others allowed people to develop social and emotional ties in the light of health precautions. Although many of these precautions were ignored by people using the urban space, some people made new uses of the open natural spaces in Rio de Janeiro to release anxiety and depressive feelings, but the city still faces problems regarding the privatization of public spaces. In the light of the development of the low touch economy, innovation was necessary for many companies to overcome obstacles such as broken relationships with customers, the instant drop in demand, the constraints in supply and production, the political instability and the cash-ﬂow/ﬁnancial constraints. These solutions included the improvement of the logistic process and alternative branding, the switch to a similar but digital/remote service and the creation of products for other needs of the existing clients.

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Innovation in the ‘New Normal’ Interactions, the Urban Space, and the Low Touch Economy: The Case of Rio de Janeiro in the Context of the COVID-19 pandemic

O artigo analisa as diversas acepcoes do termo "inovacao" presentes na literatura, em documentos institucionais e referidas por gestores de C&T. A partir da revisao da literatura sobre inovacao e modelos de analise da inovacao analisaram-se as concepcoes de inovacao coletadas junto a gestores da Fiocruz. Constatou-se que a complexidade dos processos de inovacao, a dificuldade de identificacao dos nexos causais entre Ciencia, Tecnologia, Economia e Sociedade e a aceleracao das mudancas do papel do conhecimento geraram uma grande proliferacao de modelos de analise da inovacao em oposicao ao "modelo linear de inovacao", caracterizando um periodo de transicao paradigmatica. A analise dos documentos institucionais e das concepcoes dos gestores indicou uma convergencia com concepcoes e modelos de inovacao adotados pelos paises de economia avancada. Esses modelos estariam fundamentando uma reforma do setor de C&T brasileiro que pode ser caracterizada como uma politica para a inovacao tecnologica. Essa perspectiva reduz os objetivos das atividades de C&T a uma unica questao: articular o empreendimento cientifico com a inovacao industrial e a competitividade, o que introduz questoes significativas para sua traducao na area da saude publica.

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Modelos e concepções de inovação: a transição de paradigmas, a reforma da C&T brasileira e as concepções de gestores de uma instituição pública de pesquisa em saúde

Mariza Velloso Fernandez Conde

Papers

Modelos e concepções de inovação: a transição de paradigmas, a reforma da C&T brasileira e as concepções de gestores de uma instituição pública de pesquisa em saúde