https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~brecht/courses/854-Emerging-2014/readings/iot/iot-survey.pdf

The Internet of Things: A survey

In recent year, the Internet of Things (IoT) has drawn significant research attention. IoT is considered as a part of the Internet of the future and will comprise billions of intelligent communicating `things'. The future of the Internet will consist of heterogeneously connected devices that will further extend the borders of the world with physical entities and virtual components. The Internet of Things (IoT) will empower the connected things with new capabilities. In this survey, the definitions, architecture, fundamental technologies, and applications of IoT are systematically reviewed. Firstly, various definitions of IoT are introduced; secondly, emerging techniques for the implementation of IoT are discussed; thirdly, some open issues related to the IoT applications are explored; finally, the major challenges which need addressing by the research community and corresponding potential solutions are investigated.

The internet of things: a survey

The Semantic Web should enable greater access not only to content but also to services on the Web. Users and software agents should be able to discover, invoke, compose, and monitor Web resources offering particular services and having particular properties. As part of the DARPA Agent Markup Language program, we have begun to develop an ontology of services, called DAML-S, that will make these functionalities possible. In this paper we describe the overall structure of the ontology, the service profile for advertising services, and the process model for the detailed description of the operation of services. We also compare DAML-S with several industry efforts to define standards for characterizing services on the Web.

/pdf/daml-s-semantic-markup-for-web-services-2bz2kpfwet.pdf

DAML-S: semantic markup for web services

The paradigmatic shift from a Web of manual interactions to a Web of programmatic interactions driven by Web services is creating unprecedented opportunities for the formation of online business-to-business (B2B) collaborations. In particular, the creation of value-added services by composition of existing ones is gaining a significant momentum. Since many available Web services provide overlapping or identical functionality, albeit with different quality of service (QoS), a choice needs to be made to determine which services are to participate in a given composite service. This paper presents a middleware platform which addresses the issue of selecting Web services for the purpose of their composition in a way that maximizes user satisfaction expressed as utility functions over QoS attributes, while satisfying the constraints set by the user and by the structure of the composite service. Two selection approaches are described and compared: one based on local (task-level) selection of services and the other based on global allocation of tasks to services using integer programming.

/pdf/qos-aware-middleware-for-web-services-composition-x57gs4mhme.pdf

QoS-aware middleware for Web services composition

Ontologies tend to be found everywhere. They are viewed as the silver bullet for many applications, such as database integration, peer-to-peer systems, e-commerce, semantic web services, or social networks. However, in open or evolving systems, such as the semantic web, different parties would, in general, adopt different ontologies. Thus, merely using ontologies, like using XML, does not reduce heterogeneity: it just raises heterogeneity problems to a higher level. Euzenat and Shvaikos book is devoted to ontology matching as a solution to the semantic heterogeneity problem faced by computer systems. Ontology matching aims at finding correspondences between semantically related entities of different ontologies. These correspondences may stand for equivalence as well as other relations, such as consequence, subsumption, or disjointness, between ontology entities. Many different matching solutions have been proposed so far from various viewpoints, e.g., databases, information systems, and artificial intelligence. The second edition of Ontology Matching has been thoroughly revised and updated to reflect the most recent advances in this quickly developing area, which resulted in more than 150 pages of new content. In particular, the book includes a new chapter dedicated to the methodology for performing ontology matching. It also covers emerging topics, such as data interlinking, ontology partitioning and pruning, context-based matching, matcher tuning, alignment debugging, and user involvement in matching, to mention a few. More than 100 state-of-the-art matching systems and frameworks were reviewed. With Ontology Matching, researchers and practitioners will find a reference book that presents currently available work in a uniform framework. In particular, the work and the techniques presented in this book can be equally applied to database schema matching, catalog integration, XML schema matching and other related problems. The objectives of the book include presenting (i) the state of the art and (ii) the latest research results in ontology matching by providing a systematic and detailed account of matching techniques and matching systems from theoretical, practical and application perspectives.

Ontology Matching

User-centric services bring additional constraints to the problem of automated service composition. While in business-centric settings the services are orchestrated in order to accomplish a specific business task, user-centric service composition should allow the user to decide and control which tasks are executed and how. This requires the ability not only to automatically compose different, often unrelated, services on the fly, but also to generate a flexible interaction protocol that allows the user to control and coordinate composition execution. In this paper we present a novel automated composition approach that aims to support user-centric service provisioning. Specifically, we associate the service to so-called service objects and provide a declarative notation to express composition requirements in terms of the evolution of those objects. On top of these objects we also define the user control activities and constraints. Using the automated planning techniques, our approach generates a service composition that orchestrates services in a way it is requested by the user.

Modelling and automated composition of user-centric services

To utilize services provided by other agents, a requesting agent needs to locate and communicate with these service providers. Specifically, in order to interoperate with the providers, the requesting agent should know: 1) the service provider's interface; 2) the ontology that defines concepts used by the provider; and 3) the agent communication language (ACL) the agent uses so that it can parse and understand the communication. Currently deployed Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) encode the interface description and the ontology within a service provider's capability description (or \it advertisement) that is registered with a Middle Agent; however, this assumes a common ACL between communicating agents. We demonstrate how agents can communicate with each other using a template-based shallow parsing approach to constructing and decomposing messages, thus relaxing assumptions on the ACLs and message formats used.

/pdf/facilitating-message-exchange-though-middle-agents-fr2ddtifuh.pdf

Facilitating message exchange though middle agents

We consider the important aspect of an agent to be its social aspect; its communications with other agents. The concept of commitment has been a vexing one because it tends to either be too high-level to be expressed generally, or too low-level to provide any real utility. We show that meaningful commitment semantics can be inferred from communications protocols and that these hold even in a heterogeneous, competetive environment. We will brie y describe how we extend action-level semantics, how we infer commitment from conversation policies, and how we integrated these ideas into an agent toolkit implementation.

https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~softagents/papers/agents2001.pdf

Interaction without commitments: an initial approach

The proposed demonstration presents Collect&Drop, a new technique for Physical Mobile Interaction with the real world, its objects and associated information. Collect&Drop is integrated with the PERCI framework to interact with Web Services through the interaction with real world objects. By supporting Physical Mobile Interaction techniques such as Touching or Pointing, the framework tries to make mobile service interaction more intuitive and shift its focus from mobile devices to augmented physical objects. The demonstration will put a focus on the mobile Collect&Drop-client and complimentary posters for mobile ticketing that are augmented with NFC-tags and visual markers.

/pdf/collect-drop-a-technique-for-physical-mobile-interaction-2328zpcv82.pdf

Collect & Drop: A Technique for Physical Mobile Interaction.

Driven by improved mobile information access and capture, physical mobile interaction is increasingly gaining importance. It uses and exploits the familiar interaction with real world objects in order to provide intuitive access to associated digital information and services. This development is accommodated by the dissemination of the “Internet of Things” in which everyday objects are uniquely identified through wireless markers and have individual network references. Current implementations of physical mobile interaction with services are mostly proprietary and rather simple. Yet we think that its combination with Semantic Web services could greatly improve mobile interaction with digital information and services through associated real world objects. We introduce a conceptual architecture for exploiting semantic descriptions of Web services for the automatic generation of rich user interfaces in order to facilitate physical mobile interaction with objects from the Internet of Things. We also present the results of an early user study and paper-prototyping in order to evaluate our approach to physical mobile interaction.

/pdf/supporting-service-interaction-in-the-real-world-1e0xbom3qg.pdf

Massimo Paolucci

Papers

Modelling and automated composition of user-centric services

Facilitating message exchange though middle agents

Interaction without commitments: an initial approach

Collect & Drop: A Technique for Physical Mobile Interaction.

Supporting Service Interaction in the Real World