Showing papers by "Mateus Matiuzzi da Costa published in 2011"
TL;DR: The results suggest that nested PCR is an important and efficient tool for diagnosis of both endemic (horse samples) and experimental (rabbit samples) pythiosis.
Abstract: Pythium insidiosum is a fungus-like organism present in subtropical and tropical areas, such as Brazil, known to infect humans and various animal species. P. insidiosum is the etiological agent of pythiosis, an emerging and granulomatous disease characterized mainly by cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions in horses, the principal species affected. Accurate diagnosis of pythiosis and identification of its causal agent by microbiological and serological tests can be often difficult and inconclusive principally for horses and humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the application of the previously described P. insidiosum-specific nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to directly detect P. insidiosum DNA in clinical and experimental lesions. Universal fungal primers (ITS1 and ITS4) were used during the first-round of PCR to amplify ITS1, 5.8s, and ITS2. A second-round of PCR was conducted with P. insidiosum-specific primers (PI1 and PI2) to amplify a variable region within this ITS1. In this study, a total of 21 equine clinical samples (kunkers) and 28 specimens from experimentally infected rabbits were analyzed by nested PCR. The first-round of PCR generated 800-base pair products, and the second-round produced 105-base pair amplicons for each P. insidiosum-specific sample; no amplicons were generated in negative control samples. Our results suggest that nested PCR is an important and efficient tool for diagnosis of both endemic (horse samples) and experimental (rabbit samples) pythiosis.
55 citations
TL;DR: The majority constituents carvacrol, thymol, cinnamaldehyde presented themselves more active than the verified by the essencial oils, while the majority constituents, carVacrol and cinnomaldehyde were equally moreactive than thyml.
Abstract: The antimicrobial activity of some essencial oils was evaluated as follows: Origanum vulgare (oregano), Thymus vulgaris (thyme), Lippia graveolens (Mexican oregano), Zingiber officinale (ginger), Salvia officinalis (sage), Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) and Ocimum basilicum (basil), as well as the majority constituents carvacrol, thymol, cinnamaldehyde and cineole against 33 Staphylococcus spp isolates from herds of dairy goats. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined for each isolate by using broth microdilution method. Antimicrobial activity observed on the essencial oils of oregano, mexican oregano, thymus, well as to majoritary constituents of carvacrol, thymol and cinnamaldehyde. The descending order of antimicrobial activity were oregano = thyme > mexican oregano. The majority constituents carvacrol, thymol, cinnamaldehyde presented themselves more active than the verified by the essencial oils. The majority constituents, carvacrol and cinnomaldehyde were equally more active than thymol.
33 citations
TL;DR: The theory that T. gondii is involved in miscarriages and stillbirths and in the placentas of naturally infected sheep in Brazil is substantiated.
30 citations
TL;DR: The results confirm the antimicrobial potential of some EOs, which deserve further research, addressing the addition of essential oils in poultry and cattle feeding.
Abstract: The discussed issue about replacing the use ofantibiotics in animal feed (growth promoters) requires emergingalternatives. To meet the needs of microbial inhibitors in thesefoods, the essentials oils (EOS) constitute potential alternativesunder evaluation. In this study it was evaluated the antimicrobialactivities of EOs from Oreganum vulgare (oregano), Thymusvulgaris (thyme), Lippia graveolens (Mexican oregano), Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon), Zingiber officinale (ginger), Salvia officinalis (sage), Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) and Ocimum basilicum (basil) against Escherichiacoli strains isolated from poultry (n=43) and cattle faeces (n=36).The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimumbactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined for eachisolate by using the broth microdilution technique, from themaximum concentration of 6400 μ g mL -1 of each OE tested.Antimicrobial activity was observed on the essential oils oforegano, mexican oregano, thymus and cinnamon. For allstrains tested, regardless of their origin, the OES more and lesseffective as antimicrobial activity were oregano and cinnamon,respectively. These results confirm the antimicrobial potentialof some EOs, which deserve further research, addressing theaddition of essential oils in poultry and cattle feeding.
26 citations
30 Dec 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the antibacterial activity of six ethanolic extracts of caatinga biome plants against pathogens of veterinary interest, including gram negative and positive bacteria.
Abstract: The search for phytotherapeutic (medicinal plant) treatments has been intensified in recent decades. The abusive use ofantimicrobial drugs, selection of resistant bacteria and inadequate handling conditions are issues that have an impact onveterinary medicine. With this in mind, the objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extractsof caatinga biome plants against pathogens of veterinary interest. Six ethanolic extracts of plants existing in the Caatingabiome of the Pernambuco semi-arid region were used, namely: Amburana cearensis A.C.Smith, Selaginella convolutaArn.(Spring), Hymenaea courbaril L., Neoglaziovia variegata (Arruda) Mez., Bromelia laciniosa Mart. and Encholirium spectabileMart. The antibacterial activity of these extracts was tested against. gram negative and positive bacteria. The minimumbactericidal concentration (MBC) for each extract was determined. Tests were carried out in triplicate. Antibacterial activities inthe genuses studied were found for the extracts evaluated, with the exception of Proteus spp., Nocardia spp., Staphylococcuscaprae and Streptococcus agalactiae. Amburana cearensis and Neoglaziovia variegata exhibited the lowest MBC values.Considering the low cost of phytotherapy and the activity of the caatinga biome plants, other studies related to the activity invivo and the phytochemical characterization become necessary
22 citations
TL;DR: Staphylococcus spp.
Abstract: Persistent buffalo mastitis caused by Staphylococcus spp. gives rise to economic losses and may be resistant to antimicrobial therapy. The aim of the present study was to determine resistance patterns and the presence of mecA, blaZ, and efflux pump in Staphylococcus spp. isolated from cases of mastitis in Brazilian buffalo herds. Susceptibility to antimicrobials was determined by the disk diffusion test and detection of the mecA and blaZ genes by polymerase chain reaction. The efflux pump screening test was performed by growing samples in Muller-Hinton agar containing ethidium bromide. The percentages for resistance to the drugs tested were: 71.8% to penicillin, 49.2% to amoxicillin, 65.8% to oxacillin, 62.3% to cefquinome, 44.7% to cephalonium, 45.2% to ciprofloxacin, 32.6% to enrofloxacin, 58.7% to erythromycin, 42.7% to florfenicol, 34.6% to gentamicin, 35.1% to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 8.5% to tetracycline + neomycin + bacitracin, 43.2% to cephalothin, 38.1% to streptomycin, 58.7% to tetracycline, 31.6% to norfloxacin, 45.2% to ceftriaxone, 43.2% to nitrofurantoin, 57.7% to doxycycline, and 53.7% to cephalexin. Simultaneous resistance to 4 or more antimicrobial drug groups was observed in 112 isolates, using the mecA (11) and blaZ (79) genes, and efflux pump (47). It is concluded that Staphylococcus spp. isolates from cases of mastitis in Brazilian buffalo show varying levels of resistance to antibiotics, and caution should be exercised in choosing therapeutics in order to minimize the risk to public health.
19 citations
01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: Considering the low cost of phytotherapy and the activity of the caatinga biome plants, other studies related to the activity invivo and the phytochemical characterization become necessary.
Abstract: The search for phytotherapeutic (medicinal plant) treatments has been intensified in recent decades. The abusive use of antimicrobial drugs, selection of resistant bacteria and inadequate handling conditions are issues that have an impact on veterinary medicine. With this in mind, the objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of caatinga biome plants against pathogens of veterinary interest. Six ethanolic extracts of plants existing in the Caatinga biome of the Pernambuco semi-arid region were used, namely: Amburana cearensis A.C.Smith, Selaginella convoluta Arn.(Spring), Hymenaea courbaril L., Neoglaziovia variegata (Arruda) Mez., Bromelia laciniosa Mart. and Encholirium spectabile Mart. The antibacterial activity of these extracts was tested against gram negative and positive bacteria. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for each extract was determined. Tests were carried out in triplicate. Antibacterial activities in the genuses studied were found for the extracts evaluated, with the exception of Proteus spp., Nocardia spp., Staphylococcus caprae and Streptococcus agalactiae. Amburana cearensis and Neoglaziovia variegata exhibited the lowest MBC values. Considering the low cost of phytotherapy and the activity of the caatinga biome plants, other studies related to the activity in vivo and the phytochemical characterization become necessary.
16 citations
TL;DR: The bacterial isolates obtained in this study are sensitive to most groups of antibiotics tested, demonstrating the potential use of these active ingredients, plus the availability of choice, given the lack of multidrug resistance.
Abstract: Sheep farming has developed in recent decades; however there is still little information on the composition and pathogenic potential of cervical-vaginal flora of sheep. The purpose of the present study was to determine the main constituents of microorganisms in the cervical-vaginal flora of sheep and their antimicrobial susceptibility. Samples were taken from 60 healthy sheep belonging to herds in the region of Petrolina, Pernambuco. Bacterial isolation was performed on blood agar and MacConkey agar, and the microorganisms were identified according to morphology, Gram staining and biochemical characteristics. The samples were subjected to disk diffusion test for determination of sensitivity to the following antimicrobial drugs: sulfamethazine, enrofloxacin, doxycycline, tetracycline, penicillin, amoxicillin, cephalothin and lincomycin. We obtained 94 isolates and found a higher frequency of Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli and Micrococcus spp., and also observed isolates of Acinetobacter spp., Shigella spp., Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp. and Streptococcus spp. The isolates were highly sensitive to the antibiotics tested, with the lowest percentage of susceptibility to lincomycin. The presence of opportunistic microorganisms of a potential pathogenic microbiota, such as Staphylococcus spp. and Escherichia coli, refers to a careful analysis in the diagnosis of genital infections. The bacterial isolates obtained in this study are sensitive to most groups of antibiotics tested, demonstrating the potential use of these active ingredients, plus the availability of choice, given the lack of multidrug resistance.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors performed skin scrapings of skin lesions of 41 (forty-one) dogs and 7 (seven) cats, which were sent to the Laboratory of Microbiology UNOESC - Xanxere for possible isolation.
Abstract: Dermatophytosis is one of the main diseases of soft tissue pets, especially dogs and cats, as the etiological agents are responsible for important zoonotic disease sometimes difficult to treat. The presence of pathogenic fungi on the skin lesions associated with alopecia, border demarcated, and itching of mild intensity characterizes dermatophytosis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of fungal species involved in cases of dermatophytosis in companion animals showing lesions. We performed skin scrapings of skin lesions of 41 (forty-one) dogs and 7 (seven) cats. The samples were sent to the Laboratory of Microbiology UNOESC - Xanxere for possible isolation. The hair of animals were subjected to direct examination under a microscope to detect the existence of possible changes. Subsequently, it was the cultivation of the samples in Sabouraud agar containing antibiotics. Fungi were identified by macroscopic morphology of the microculture technique. In dogs, the direct examination reported eleven (26.8%) positive by the visualization of lesions and arthroconidia. After cultivation of 41 samples collected from dogs, six (14.6%) showed a growth of dermatophytes. Of the positive samples, 50% (3/6) were identified as Microsporum canis, 33.30% (2/6) and M. gypseum and 16.67% (1/6) and M. nanum . In cats, the seven samples tested by direct examination, three (42.8%) were positive, however no positive cultures were obtained in cats, when the exam. Dermatophytosis was confirmed in a few animals, even upon the occurrence of lesions highly suggestive.
2 citations
TL;DR: It was observed that 15 E coli isolates were resistant to five or more antibiotics, and that the associated drugs presented better sensibility, as the resistance to antimicrobials and biofilm productive strains can interfere in the therapeutic response of birds that present clinical signs.
Abstract: This study had the objective of researching Staphylococcus spp. on healthy broilers and commercial broilers and layers, with clinical respiratory signs. Swabs were taken from the infraorbital sinus of 55 healthy broilers, 35 with respiratory signs and 30 commercial layers also with respiratory signs. Each sample was composed of a pool of five birds, totaling 24 collected samples from 24 commercial flocks. The bacteriological exam was used for the isolation, with a later evaluation of the morphological, tintorial and biochemical characteristics to determine the species. The production of hemolysis, formation of a biofilm in Congo Red Agar, detection of the gene mecA by the PCR and susceptibility to 13 antimicrobial drugs, was verified. From the 24 processed samples, 16 Staphylococcus spp. were obtained isolates, five samples were coagulasis-positive (SCP) and 11 coagulasis-negative (SCN). As to hemolysis and the formation of biofilm tests three samples presented themselves to be hemolytic and six were positive, respectively. In the PCR evaluation for the detection of the mecA gene, all isolates showed negative results. It was observed that 15 E coli isolates were resistant to five or more antibiotics, and that the associated drugs presented better sensibility. The resistance to antimicrobials and biofilm productive strains can interfere in the therapeutic response of birds that present clinical signs.
1 citations
01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: The resistance to antimicrobials and biofilmproductive strains can interfere in the therapeutic response of birds that present clinical signs and three samples presented themselves to be hemolytic and six were positive,respectively.
Abstract: .- Barros M.R., Costa M.M., Franca C.A., Saukas T.N., Silva L.B.G., Silva V.A.S., Caval-cante R.V. & Mota R.A. 2011. [ Resistance of Staphylococcus spp., to antimicrobials isolatedfrom broilers and commercial layers in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. ] Perfil de resis-tencia a antimicrobianos de Staphylococcus spp., isolados de frangos de corte e poedeiras co-merciais no Estado de Pernambuco. Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira 31(8):672-676. Departa-mento de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manuelde Medeiros s/n, Recife, PE 52171900, Brazil. E-mail: rinaldo.mota@hotmail.comThis study had the objective of researching Staphylococcus spp. on healthy broilers andcommercial broilers and layers, with clinical respiratory signs. Swabs were taken from theinfraorbital sinus of 55 healthy broilers, 35 with respiratory signs and 30 commercial layersalso with respiratory signs. Each sample was composed of a pool of five birds, totaling 24 collectedsamples from 24 commercial flocks. The bacteriological exam was used for the isolation, with alater evaluation of the morphological, tintorial and biochemical characteristics to determinethe species. The production of hemolysis, formation of a biofilm in Congo Red Agar, detection ofthe gene mecA by the PCR and susceptibility to 13 antimicrobial drugs, was verified. From the24 processed samples, 16 Staphylococcus spp. were obtained isolates, five samples werecoagulasis-positive (SCP) and 11 coagulasis-negative (SCN). As to hemolysis and the formationof biofilm tests three samples presented themselves to be hemolytic and six were positive,respectively. In the PCR evaluation for the detection of the mecA gene, all isolates showed negativeresults. It was observed that 15 E coli isolates were resistant to five or more antibiotics, and thatthe associated drugs presented better sensibility. The resistance to antimicrobials and biofilmproductive strains can interfere in the therapeutic response of birds that present clinical signs.