The paper briefly reviews the alternative approaches to spatial improvements in transportation networks from the early linear programming attempts to the more recent discrete programming approaches; the more analytical geometrical and optimal control methods; narrow cost minimization models and the more comprehensive attempts to incorporate a broad range of economic and social impacts. Finally some personal remarks are made concerning the most promising areas of future research with respect to practical relevance, computational feasibility and theoretical interest.

Optimization Models of Transportation Network Improvement: Review and Future Prospects

Optimization Models of Transportation Network Improvement

This paper discusses the major problem facing regional capital and credit markets in their relationship to regional development. There are two ways in which capital and credit markets play a crucial role in regional development: (1) they mobilize local savings resources and allocate them between sectors and industries within the region and (2) they provide the mechanism by which financial resources flow between the region and the national economy.

The role of capital and credit markets in regional development: problems and issues

A mathematical programming model based on the objective of maximizing net social benefits is developed to evaluate the effect of introducing a personal rapid transit system into the Minneapolis transit environment The initial solution modeled on the Minneapolis Cordon Count considers the model characteristics of a system consisting of auto, bus, and PRT The assumption that the demand for transit is a given function of transit characteristics underlies the derivation The two characteristics of fare and time per trip are considered Two sets of simulations are conducted The first consists of the analysis of changes in transit demand The second consists of changing the modal service characteristics which involves changing the average trip time The major conclusions are: (1) the introduction of PRT is likely to result in a greater relative reduction of automobile than in bus use; (2) changes in PRT demand and efficiency have small effects on auto and bus use; and (3) reduction in the relative time of a bus trip is likely to be the key to increasing bus utilization

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Mathew Shane

Papers

Programming Approach to Urban Transit Planning

Capital markets and the process of economic growth