Matthew R. Patrick

TL;DR: Careful historical observation and monitoring of Kīlauea enabled successful forecasting of hazardous events, and cyclic inflation, deflation, and eventual collapse of the summit was tied to lava eruption from lower East Rift Zone fissures.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a FLIR camera operating at up to 30 Hz to observe 344 eruptive events at Stromboli volcano, Italy, in 2001 and 2004.

Abstract: [1] Effusive activity at Stromboli is uncommon, and the 2002–2003 flank eruption gave us the opportunity to observe and analyze a number of complex volcanic processes. In particular, the use of a handheld thermal camera during the eruption allowed us to monitor the volcano even in difficult weather and operating conditions. Regular helicopter-borne surveys with the thermal camera throughout the eruption have significantly improved (1) mapping of active lava flows; (2) detection of new cracks, landslide scars, and obstructions forming within and on the flanks of active craters; (3) observation of active lava flow field features, such as location of new vents, tube systems, tumuli, and hornitos; (4) identification of active vent migration along the Sciara del Fuoco; (5) monitoring of crater’s inner morphology and maximum temperature, revealing magma level changes within the feeding conduit; and (6) detection of lava flow field endogenous growth. Additionally, a new system developed by A. J. L. Harris and others has been applied to our thermal data, allowing daily calculation of effusion rate. These observations give us new insights on the mechanisms controlling the volcanic system.

TL;DR: InSAR techniques used to calculate the volume of extrusion at Okmok volcano, Alaska by constructing precise digital elevation models (DEMs) that represent volcano topography before and after the 1997 eruption demonstrates how InSAR will play a significant role in studying volcanoes in remote areas.

TL;DR: A model of time-evolving reservoir depressurization is developed to jointly explain lava lake withdrawal rate and the rate and spatial pattern of ground subsidence obtained from radar satellites and a dense local monitoring network.