Wireless data traffic is projected to skyrocket 10 000 fold within the next 20 years. To tackle this incredible increase in wireless data traffic, a first approach is to further improve spectrally efficient systems such as 4G LTE in bands below 6 GHz by using more advanced spectral efficiency techniques. However, the required substantial increase in system complexity along with fundamental limits on hardware implementation and channel conditions may limit the viability of this approach. Furthermore, the end result would be an extremely spectrally efficient system with little room for future improvement to meet the ever-growing wireless data usage. The second approach is to move up in frequency, into an unused nontraditional spectrum where enormous bandwidths are available, such as at millimeter wave (mmWave). The mmWave option enables the use of simple air interfaces since large bandwidths can be exploited (e.g., 2 GHz) to achieve high data rates rather than relying on highly complex techniques originally aimed at achieving a high spectral efficiency with smaller bandwidths. In addition, mmWave systems will easily evolve to even higher system capacities, because there will be plenty of margin to improve the spectral efficiency as data demands further increase. In this paper, a case is made for using mmWave for a fifth generation (5G) wireless system for ultradense networks by presenting an overview of enhanced local area (eLA) technology at mmWave with emphasis on 5G requirements, spectrum considerations, propagation and channel modeling, air-interface and multiantenna design, and network architecture solutions.

Millimeter-Wave Enhanced Local Area Systems: A High-Data-Rate Approach for Future Wireless Networks

Optical fiber-based wireless systems and related components and methods are disclosed. The systems support radio frequency (RF) communications with clients over optical fiber, including Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) communications. The systems may be provided as part of an indoor distributed antenna system (IDAS) to provide wireless communication services to clients inside a building or other facility. The communications can be distributed between a head end unit (HEU) that receives carrier signals from one or more service or carrier providers and converts the signals to RoF signals for distribution over optical fibers to end points, which may be remote antenna units (RAUs). In one embodiment, calibration of communication downlinks and communication uplinks is performed to compensate for signal strength losses in the system.

Optical fiber-based distributed antenna systems, components, and related methods for calibration thereof

A method, system and device are provided for managing LIPA and/or SIPTO connection releases when UE moves out of residential/enterprise network coverage in case service continuity is not supported for the LIPA/SIPTO PDN connection(s) To address problems caused by not providing service continuity for LIPA/SIPTO PDN connections, the PDN connection/PDP context created in the HeNB/HNB by the MME/SGSN includes context information related to the UE indicating whether such connection is a LIPA PDN connection PDN connection or not In addition, each UE may be configured to reconnect or not reconnect to the PDN corresponding to a certain APN or service, depending on how the PDN connection was disconnected by the network

Method and apparatus for releasing connection with local gw when ue moves out of the residential/enterprise network coverage

In this paper, we address the prospects and key enabling technologies for highly efficient and accurate device positioning and tracking in fifth generation (5G) radio access networks. Building on the premises of ultra-dense networks as well as on the adoption of multicarrier waveforms and antenna arrays in the access nodes (ANs), we first formulate extended Kalman filter (EKF)-based solutions for computationally efficient joint estimation and tracking of the time of arrival (ToA) and direction of arrival (DoA) of the user nodes (UNs) using uplink reference signals. Then, a second EKF stage is proposed in order to fuse the individual DoA and ToA estimates from one or several ANs into a UN position estimate. Since all the processing takes place at the network side, the computing complexity and energy consumption at the UN side are kept to a minimum. The cascaded EKFs proposed in this article also take into account the unavoidable relative clock offsets between UNs and ANs, such that reliable clock synchronization of the access-link is obtained as a valuable by-product. The proposed cascaded EKF scheme is then revised and extended to more general and challenging scenarios where not only the UNs have clock offsets against the network time, but also the ANs themselves are not mutually synchronized in time. Finally, comprehensive performance evaluations of the proposed solutions on a realistic 5G network setup, building on the METIS project based outdoor Madrid map model together with complete ray tracing based propagation modeling, are provided. The obtained results clearly demonstrate that by using the developed methods, sub-meter scale positioning and tracking accuracy of moving devices is indeed technically feasible in future 5G radio access networks operating at sub-6 GHz frequencies, despite the realistic assumptions related to clock offsets and potentially even under unsynchronized network elements.

Joint Device Positioning and Clock Synchronization in 5G Ultra-Dense Networks

A hybrid user equipment and advanced user equipment data offloading architecture is provided. In this hybrid architecture, the advanced user equipment includes a backhaul link to a telecommunication network and/or the Internet. The user equipment can send and receive data through the advanced user equipment using the backhaul link.

Enhanced local access in mobile communications

The 5th generation (5G) of mobile radio access technologies is expected to become available for commercial launch around 2020. In this paper, we present our envisioned 5G system design optimized for small cell deployment taking a clean slate approach, i.e. removing most compatibility constraints with the previous generations of mobile radio access technologies. This paper mainly covers the physical layer aspects of the 5G concept design.

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5G small cell optimized radio design

Mobile communication systems have evolved over the past decades and each new generation brought new experience to the users enabled by technology innovations, while keeping some well established principles from previous generations. This trend continued up to LTE (Long Term Evolution) Advanced, the predominant 4th generation system which has just been standardized in 3GPP and is being rolled out soon. How will this trend continue to future systems which will be deployed in some 10 years from now which will be advanced enough to be called “Beyond 4G” (B4G)? This article presents how such B4G systems will look like and some key technologies they will rely on including versatile numerology, massive virtual MIMO from many base stations, both centralized and distributed architectures using fiber optics as backbone, advanced interference mitigation, cognitive self organization, and wideband RF radios.

Vision for Beyond 4G broadband radio systems

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention a network device may be provided which may comprise a receiving unit, a sending unit and an evaluating unit. It may be foreseen that the receiving unit may be adapted to receive a trigger signal for preparing a breakout of a plurality of packets, wherein the plurality of packets may comprise at least one packet from a first source and at least one packet from a second source and wherein the evaluating unit may be adapted to evaluate the trigger signal. Moreover, the evaluation unit may be adapted to evaluate packets from a first source and packets from a second source and the evaluation unit may be adapted to distinguish packets from the first source from packets from the second source.

Network device in a communication network and method for providing communications traffic breakout

The present invention relates to methods and apparatuses for providing network access, wherein a connection to a core network is established via a wireless access device (20) and a gateway device (42) Connectivity of the wireless access device (20) is restricted to a pre-defined group of core network address of a pool of gateway devices (42) with multi-node connectivity to the core network, and a single address is selected to establish the connection to a one of the gateway de¬ vices (42) The gateway device (42) is provided with a relay function for mapping a single input address to a plurality of core network addresses based on a location information of the wireless access device (10) and with at least one co-located decentralized core network functionality

Decentralizing core network functionalities

The present invention relates to methods, apparatuses, and computer program products at interrelated entities of a network system for providing access via a cellular access network to a packet data network, wherein a simple local IP access or local breakout (LBO) feature is provided, which uses a bridging function between a packet data network interface and a radio interface in an access device (e.g. base station device or HNB) that can be controlled by a single control plane interface.

Matti Einari Laitila

Papers

5G small cell optimized radio design

Vision for Beyond 4G broadband radio systems

Network device in a communication network and method for providing communications traffic breakout

Decentralizing core network functionalities

Local breakout with optimized interface