This book opens a fresh chapter in the debate on local enterprise clusters and their strategies for upgrading in the global economy. The authors employ a novel conceptual framework in their research on industrial clusters in Europe, Latin America and Asia and provide new perspectives and insights for researchers and policymakers alike.

Governance in global value chains

This article argues that in its “canonical” form, the path dependence model, with its core concept of lock-in, affords a restrictive and narrowly applicable account of regional and local industrial evolution, an account moreover that is tied to problematic underpinnings based on equilibrist thinking. As such, the canonical path dependence model actually stresses continuity rather than change. The article explores recent developments in political science, in which there have been active attempts to rethink the application of path dependence to the evolution of institutions so as to emphasize change rather than continuity. These developments are used to argue for a rethinking of path dependence ideas in economic geography.

Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography—Rethinking Regional Path Dependence: Beyond Lock‐in to Evolution

Two-person Cooperative Games

This paper surveys the existing fragmentary data on the growth of university-owned patents and university-invented patents in Europe. We find evidence that university patenting is growing, but this phenomenon remains heterogeneous across countries and disciplines. We found some evidence that university licensing is not profitable for most universities, although some do succeed in attracting substantial additional revenues. This might be due to the fact that patents and publications tend to go hand in hand. In a dynamic setting however, we fear that the increase in university patenting exacerbates differences across universities in terms of financial resources and research outcome.

University Patenting and its Effects on Academic Research: the Emerging European Evidence

Should I Stay or Should I Go? Career Choice Intentions of Students with Family Business Background

Nano-motors capable of delivering small molecule cargos are highly wanted for active drug delivery in biomedical applications. Here, we fabricated Janus nano-motors based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNP) or their hollow counterpart (HMSNP). The particle size is tunable from less than 100 nm to more than 400 nm. A monolayer of nano-sized nanoparticles is first prepared and one side of the nanoparticles is capped with either catalytic layer of Pt or non-catalytic layer of SiO 2 by electron beam evaporation, to produce Janus nanoparticles. The Pt coating side can directly provide driving force for the active motion of the Janus mesoporous silica nano-motors by catalytically decomposition of H 2O2. (1) Alternatively, for the case of SiO 2 coating, natural enzyme catalase, urease, or glucose oxide (GOx) can be functionalized onto the non-coated side of Janus nanoparticles via chemical linkage, triggering bio- catalytic decomposition of corresponding fuels. Enhanced diffusion of the nano-motors upon addition of each fuel was characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The trajectory of individual nano-motor was recorded by optical microscopy and enhancement of the diffusion coefficient was confirmed by theoretical calculation. Self-Propulsion force generated by single catalase based nano-motor was for the first time measured directly by optical trapping technique. The nano-sized channels with internal pore diameter about 2-3 nm and hollow cavity of HMSNP can be utilized for cargo loading and delivery. The high porosity of the mesoporous silica can ensure high cargo loading capacity comparing to rigid ones. Sustained release of cargo molecules from these nano-motors indicates the great potential of using these mesoporous Janus nano-motors for active drug delivery in future biomedical applications. References

Catalytic/Bio-catalytic Janus Mesoporous Silica Nano-motors for Active Drug Delivery

Until recently data on mortality by socioeconomic status were not available for the initial period of mortality increase in the former Soviet Union from 1965 to 1979. Newly discovered data from the Russian State Archive of Economics allow us to close this gap and to compare mortality trends in urban Latvia and several urban areas of Russia with the concentration of rising male mortality among manual workers already found in several eastern European countries. A similar trend appears in these data for rising mortality to concentrate among manual workers over time. Unfavorable trends in the life expectancy of the total population were largely driven by mortality increase among manual workers. Possible determinants of the pattern include a special type of economic growth in the USSR in the 1970s and 1980s associated with dominance of heavy industries and military sector, and low consumer goods' production, high prevalence of hard manual labor, massive ruralurban migrations and poor living conditions of new coming industrial workers, growing psychosocial stress and high prevalence of adverse health behaviors. These characteristics are discussed in the framework of an incomplete modernization and distinct health life styles in state socialist countries.

Concentration of working-age male mortality among manual workers in urban latvia and

Using a new dataset encompassing more than 2,000 inventions made by Max Planck Society researchers from 1980 to 2004, we study the effects of information asymmetry and imperfect knowledge transfer on the licensing and successful commercialization of technologies from public research, distinguishing among types of licensees as well as invention and inventor characteristics. Technologies licensed to foreign firms and spin-offs are less often commercialized, while collaborative inventions are more often commercialized. Senior scientists are more successful in licensing, but their inventions are less often commercialized. Our findings suggest a specific role of spin-offs in transferring technologies invented by senior scientists.

Max Planck

Papers

Catalytic/Bio-catalytic Janus Mesoporous Silica Nano-motors for Active Drug Delivery

Concentration of working-age male mortality among manual workers in urban latvia and

Not invented here: Knowledge transfer and technology licensing from a German public research organization

Knowledge transfer and technology licensing from a German public research organization