Soil Chemical Analysis

Abstract A two-dimensional version of the Pennsylvania State University mesoscale model has been applied to Winter Monsoon Experiment data in order to simulate the diurnally occurring convection observed over the South China Sea. The domain includes a representation of part of Borneo as well as the sea so that the model can simulate the initiation of convection. Also included in the model are parameterizations of mesoscale ice phase and moisture processes and longwave and shortwave radiation with a diurnal cycle. This allows use of the model to test the relative importance of various heating mechanisms to the stratiform cloud deck, which typically occupies several hundred kilometers of the domain. Frank and Cohen's cumulus parameterization scheme is employed to represent vital unresolved vertical transports in the convective area. The major conclusions are: Ice phase processes are important in determining the level of maximum large-scale heating and vertical motion because there is a strong anvil componen...

Numerical study of convection observed during the Winter Monsoon Experiment using a mesoscale two-dimensional model [presentation]

What makes organizations so similar? We contend that the engine of rationalization and bureaucratization has moved from the competitive marketplace to the state and the professions. Once a set of organizations emerges as a field, a paradox arises: rational actors make their organizations increasingly similar as they try to change them. We describe three isomorphic processes-coercive, mimetic, and normative—leading to this outcome. We then specify hypotheses about the impact of resource centralization and dependency, goal ambiguity and technical uncertainty, and professionalization and structuration on isomorphic change. Finally, we suggest implications for theories of organizations and social change.

The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields (Chinese Translation)

'Institutionalized Organizations: Formal Structure as Myth and Ceremony', American Journal of Sociology, 83, pp. 340-63.

The rapid growth of human population has led to mounting energy demands, which is projected to increase by 50% or more by 2030. The natural petroleum can not catch-up the current consumption rate, which is already reported to be 105 times faster than nature can create. Besides, the use of fossil fuels is devastating to our environment through greenhouse gas emissions and consequent global warming. Therefore, the search for ‘clean’ energy has become the most overwhelming challenges. Currently, several alternatives are being studied and implemented. Biofuels, fuels from living organisms, provide environmental benefits, since their use leads to a decrease in the harmful emissions of CO2 and hydrocarbons and, to the elimination of SOx emissions, with a consequent decrease in the greenhouse effects. Unfortunately, the present biofuel projections are based on feed-stocks that are also food commodities and resources suitable for conventional agriculture. One possibility to overcome the problem is the cultivation of micro-algae and switching to third generation biofuels, which seem to be a promising source since algae are able to efficiently convert sunlight, water, and CO2 into a variety of products suitable for renewable energy applications. Therefore, this review is intended to recapitulate current works on micro-algal biofuel production potential and discuss possible ways to put it into practice. This review starts by highlighting the advantages and various forms of micro-algal biofuels. Some of the micro-algal species proved to be suitable for biofuel production so far are considered, with particular emphasis on Scenedesmus obliquus. The recent attempts and achievements in improving the economies of production through genetic and metabolic engineering of micro-algal strains are also addressed. Other potential applications such as wastewater treatment and CO2 mitigation that can be coupled with biofuel production are described. Finally, the promises and challenges of algae to biofuel industry are uncovered.

Microalgae to biofuels: ‘Promising’ alternative and renewable energy, review

The emergence of WIMAX has attracted significant interests from all fields of wireless communications including students, researchers, system engineers and operators. The WIMAX can also be considered to be the main technology in the implementation of other networks like wireless sensor networks. Developing an understanding of the WIMAX system can be achieved by looking at the model of the WIMAX system. This paper discusses the model building of the WIMAX physical layer using computer MATLAB 7.5 versions. This model is a useful tool for BER (Bit error rate) performance evaluation for the real data communication by the WIMAX physical layer under different communication channels AWGN and fading channel (Rayleigh and Rician), different channel encoding rates and digital modulation schemes which is described in this paper. This paper investigates the effect of communication channels of IEEE 802.16 OFDM based WIMAX Physical Layer. The performance measures we presented in this paper are: the bit error rate (BER) versus the ratio of bit energy to noise power spectral density (Eb/No). The system parameters used in this paper are based on IEEE 802.16 standards. The simulation model built for this research work, demonstrates that AWGN channel has better performance than Rayleigh and Rician fading channels. Synthetic data is used to simulate this research work.

Effect of AWGN & Fading (Raleigh & Rician) channels on BER performance of a WiMAX communication System

Several coronaviruses (CoVs) have been associated with serious health hazards in recent decades, resulting in the deaths of thousands around the globe. The recent coronavirus pandemic has emphasized the importance of discovering novel and effective antiviral medicines as quickly as possible to prevent more loss of human lives. Positive-sense RNA viruses with group spikes protruding from their surfaces and an abnormally large RNA genome enclose CoVs. CoVs have already been related to a range of respiratory infectious diseases possibly fatal to humans, such as MERS, SARS, and the current COVID-19 outbreak. As a result, effective prevention, treatment, and medications against human coronavirus (HCoV) is urgently needed. In recent years, many natural substances have been discovered with a variety of biological significance, including antiviral properties. Throughout this work, we reviewed a wide range of natural substances that interrupt the life cycles for MERS and SARS, as well as their potential application in the treatment of COVID-19.

Natural bioactive molecules: An alternative approach to the treatment and control of covid-19

The study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of sub clinical mastitis (SCM) in dairy cows kept by Sylhet Govt. Dairy Farm (SGDF) and different local dairy farms at Sylhet (LFS) of Bangladesh. Sub clinical mastitis was assessed using the modified white side test (MWST) and revealed negative, trace (+), distinct (++), strong (+++), and doubtful (±) etc. reactions according to the severity of mastitis. Bacteriological examination of milk samples of 158 milch cows (632 quarters) revealed that 81 cows (51.3%) had suffering from SCM with different bacterial infection, of which 27 (17.1%) cows had mono-bacterial infection and 17 (10.8%) cows had mixed bacterial infections. Statistical analysis of the result of single and mixed bacterial infection in the milk of apparently healthy milch cows revealed that the single infection was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than mixed bacterial infection. The 17 (10.8%) cows had mixed infection, of which 4 (3.13% had Staphylococcus spp. + Streptococcus spp., 7 (7.5%) had E. coli + Staphylococcus spp. 6 (3.8%) had Staphylococcus spp. + Bacillus spp. and no one had Corynebacterium spp. + Staphylococcal infection of the 158 milch cows examined, 33 (20.9%) had Staphylococcal infection was recorded in cows of SGDF (30.0%) than LFS (18.8%), Sylhet. The overall prevalence of SCM was found to be 51.3%, of which 43.3% at the SGDF, Sylhet and 53.1% at the LFS of the 81 bacterial isolates, 27 (17.1%) had mono bacterial infection and 17 (10.8%) had mixed bacterial infection.

Prevalence of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows reared in sylhet district of bangladesh

Received: Revised: Accepted: July 27, 2010 October 10, 2010 October 23, 2010

Prevalence and economic significance of caprine fascioliasis at Sylhet District of Bangladesh.

An experiment was conducted at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University Farm, Mymensingh during the Aman season of 1999 to evaluate the effect of manures and fertilizers on the growth and yield of BRRI Dhan 30. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. There were seven treatments such as T0 (control), T1 (N100), T2 (N100S10Zn5), T3 (PM5), T4 (PM7.5), T5 (PM10) and T6 (CD10). The results demonstrated that all the treatments had positive effect on the yield components and yields of BRRI Dhan 30. Grain and straw yields of BRRI Dhan 30 were significantly increased due to different treatment and the highest value was recorded with the application of poultry manure at 10 t haG. The NPKS content in BRRI Dhan 30 and their uptake were increased due to the application of manures and fertilizers. Analysis of post-harvest soils revealed that organic manure application had a positive influence on organic matter, total N, available P, exchangeable K, available S and CEC of the post-harvest soils.

Md. Mizanur Rahman

Papers

Effect of AWGN & Fading (Raleigh & Rician) channels on BER performance of a WiMAX communication System

Natural bioactive molecules: An alternative approach to the treatment and control of covid-19

Prevalence of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows reared in sylhet district of bangladesh

Prevalence and economic significance of caprine fascioliasis at Sylhet District of Bangladesh.

Effect of Manures and Fertilizers on the Growth and Yield of BRRI Dhan 30